1. GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Active Learning Assignment
Sub:- Microcontroller and Interfacing
Topic:- LCD Interfacing with ATMega32
Branch :- Electronics & Communication

2. Group Members:- Faculty-In-charge Prof. Hardik Patel Arshiya Maniar
Zulin Patel
Riya Simon
Faculty-In-charge
Prof. Hardik Patel

3. LCD Interfacing with ATMega32

4. Contents Displays LCD displays Advantages of LCD displays
Pin description of LCD
LCD command codes
Sending commands and data to LCD
Sending 8-bit data to LCD
Programming in ‘C’ language
References

5. Displays
If keyboard are the predominant means of interface to human input, then visible displays are the universal means of human output.
Displays can be grouped in to three broad categories:
Single light (e.g. LED Indicators)
Single character (e.g. seven segment display)
Intelligent alphanumeric (e.g. LCD display)

6. LCD displays
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) type displays, provide a very convenient way of displaying information or digital data in the form of numbers, letters or even alpha-numerical characters.
LCD displays have one major advantage over similar LED types in that they consume much less power.
Nowadays both LCD and LED displays are combined together to form larger Dot-Matrix Alphanumeric type displays which can show letters and characters as well as numbers in standard Red or Tri-color outputs.

7. Advantages of LCD displays
LCD’s are finding widespread use replacing seven segment LEDs or multisegment LEDs. This is due to following reasons:
The declining prices of LCDs.
The ability to display number, character, and graphics.
Incorporation of a refreshing controller into the LCD, thereby relieving the CPU of the task of refreshing the LCD.
Ease of programming for characters and graphics.
The declining prices of LCDs
The ability to display number, character, and graphics. This is in contrast to LEDs, which are limited to numbers and a few characters.
Incorporation of a refreshing controller into the LCD, thereby relieving the CPU of the task of refreshing the LCD. In contrast, the LED must be refreshed by the CPU to keep displaying the data.
Ease of programming for characters and graphics.

8. Pin description of LCD display

9. Power supply to control Contrast 4 RS
Pin No.
Name
Description 1
VSS
Power supply (GND) 2
VCC
Power supply (+5V) 3
VEE
Power supply to control Contrast 4 RS
0 = Instruction input / 1 = Data input 5
R/W
0 = Write to LCD module / 1 = Read from LCD module 6 EN
Enable signal 7 D0
Data bus line 0 (LSB) 8 D1
Data bus line 1 9 D2
Data bus line 2 10 D3
Data bus line 3 11 D4
Data bus line 4 12 D5
Data bus line 5 13 D6
Data bus line 6 14 D7
Data bus line 7 (MSB)
Rs = register select

10. LCD Command Codes Code (Hex) Command to LCD Instruction (Register) 1
Clear display 2
Return home 4
Decrement cursor (shift cursor to left) 6
Increment cursor (shift cursor to right) 5
Shift display right 7
Shift display left 8
Display off, cursor off A
Display off, cursor on C
Display on, cursor off E
Display on, cursor blinking F

11. LCD command codes (Cont’d)10
Shift cursor position to left 14
Shift cursor position to right 18
Shift the entire display to the left 1C
Shift the entire display to the right 80
Force cursor to beginningof first line C0
Force cursor to beginning of second line 28 38

12. Sending commands and data to LCD

13. Sending commands and data to LCD (Cont’d)

14. Sending 8-bit data to LCD
To write “Hello” on the LCD using 8-bit data.
Interfacing LCD with atmega32
LCD Connections for 8-bit Data

15. LCD PROGRAMMING IN ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
. INCUDE “M32DEF.INC”
.EQU LCD_DPRT = PORTA
.EQU LCD_DDDR = DDRA
.EQU LCD_DPIN = PINA
.EQU LCD_CPRT = PORTB
.EQU LCD_CDDR = DDRB
.EQU LCD_CPIN = PINB
.EQU LCD_RS = 0
.EQU LCD_RW = 1
.EQU LCD_EN = 2
LDI R21, HIGH (RAMEND)
OUT SPH,R21
LDI R21,LOW (RAMEND)
LDI SPL,R21
RAMEND = last location of RAM

19. LCD programming in ‘C’ language
 #include<avr/io.h>
#include<util/delay.h>
#define lcd_data PORTA        // LCD data port
#define ctrl PORTB
#define en PB2         // enable signal
#define rw PB1         // read or write signal
#define rs PB0         // register select signal
void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd);
void init_lcd(void);
void lcd_write(unsigned char data);

20. int main() { DDRA=0xFF; DDRB=0x07; init_lcd(); // initialization of LCD _delay_ms(50); // delay of 50ms lcd_write_string(“Hello"); // prints string on LCD return 0; } void init_lcd(void) lcd_cmd(0x38); // LCD initialization _delay_ms(1); lcd_cmd(0x01); // clear LCD

21.  lcd_cmd(0x0E);     // cursor ON
    _delay_ms(1);
    lcd_cmd(0x80);    // ---8 go to first line and --0 is for 0th position
    return; }
 void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd) {
    lcd_data=cmd;
    ctrl =(0<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(1<<en);    
    ctrl =(0<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(0<<en);    
    _delay_ms(50);

22. void lcd_write(unsigned char data) { lcd_data= data; ctrl = (1<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(1<<en); _delay_ms(1); ctrl = (1<<rs)|(0<<rw)|(0<<en); _delay_ms(50); return ; } void lcd_write_string(unsigned char *str) //store address value of the string in pointer *str int i=0; while(str[i]!='\0‘) // loop will go on till the NULL character in the string { lcd_write(str[i]); // sending data on LCD byte by byte i++; } return;

23. References
AVR microcontroller and embedded system – Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Sepehr Naimi, and Sarmad Naimi.
The 8051 microcontroller architecture, programming and its applications – Kenneth J Ayala of Western Carolina University.
LCDdisplay/bin_3.html

24. Thank You…