1. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching
II. The Grammar-Translation Method
Josephine Hsin-Chou Huang
Department of Applied English
St. John’s University

2. Introduction to TESOL Methodology
Teaching English to speakers of other language.
TESL
Teaching English as a second language.
TEFL
Teaching English as a Foreign language.
SLA
Second language acquisition.

3. Reviewing the techniques
Three kinds questions
1.Find literary article
2.Translation of a literary passage
3.Reading comprehension questions

4. Reviewing the techniques
Seven ways
1.Antonyms/synonyms
2.Cognates
3.Deductive application of rule
4.Fill-in-the-blanks
5.Memorization
6.Use words in sentences
7.Composition

5. 1.Compare Grammar Translation & Integrative Grammar Teaching Briefly state your preference for either of the above two methods & explain the reasons.
2.Lesson Plan
3.Demo Teaching

6. The EEE
(a) Exploration
(b) Explanation
(c) Expression

7. The EEE (a) Exploration Inductive Learning
　　All instruction was done in English.
(b) Explanation
(c) Expression

8. The EEE (a) Exploration (b) Explanation
　　As students find sequences or patterns in the examples they used during the exploration stage, the teacher or the students can summarize what was previously discovered.
(c) Expression

9. The EEE (a) Exploration (b) Explanation (c) Expression
　　The rationale of this stage is to provide students experience in applying their acquired knowledge in practice by making meaningful utterances.

10. Global and Integrative tasks & Discrete Structures

11. Global and Integrative tasks & Discrete Structures
　Communicative language teaching
　Fluency
　CLT (Integrative Grammar Teaching)
　Meaning-Based
(*)Discrete Structures

12. Global and Integrative tasks & Discrete Structures
　Audio-lingual and grammar-translation 　
　Accuracy
　GT (Grammar-Translation)
　Form-Focused

13. Origin of Grammar Translation Method
The theory of German scholars
Dominated European & FL teaching from s
Also known as Classical Method
Help learners to read FL literature
Assumption: learner might never use the target language(TL)

14. Examples & principles Read passage Translate words
Work on vocabulary & memorize them
No need to use TL
Focus on reading & writing; listening & speaking are not trained
Teacher as the authority

15. Examples & principles (2)
Look for similarities between L1 & L2
Learning of grammar is important
Apply rules to other examples

16. Techniques Translation Reading comprehension Antonyms/synonyms
Cognates
Applications
Fill-in-the-blanks
Memorization
Form sentences with learned words
Composition