2. Marco’s Influence:
* In 1492, Christopher Columbus sets off across Atlantic in hopes of finding new route to the Orient … with him was copy of Marco Polo's book

3. Age of Discovery (Exploration)
Columbus’ success led other European countries to step up their own search for trade partners, goods & trade routes
… allowing certain European nations (Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, Dutch) to emerge as powerful factors in globalization & cultural development

4. Motives for New Exploration
Nations looking for goods like silver & gold … And desired to find new routes for the Spice & Silk trade
Ottomans took control of Constantinople … Blocking access to trade on Silk Road
... Blocking access to Red Sea - major trade route to Far East

6. Portuguese: “Caravel”
Chinese: “Junk” Ship
Portuguese: “Caravel”
Ship

7. Experienced Sailors
Several expeditions around Africa - gaining knowledge of currents and trade winds
Knowledgeable in use of sextant & astrolabe

8. Kingdom of Portugal
Establish coastal ports West Africa and South Africa = Cape of Good Hope
Created an Eastern route to India ... so as to avoid going through Middle East
Sent diplomatic envoys to China & Japan
Discovered route (using Atlantic Current) to South America - then colonized Brazil

9. Portuguese Trade Route to India

10. Monopolize Spice Trade
*Control European trade in Indian Ocean … establishing many coastal Trade Ports
*Taking advantage of Religious rivalries … Muslim v Hindu throughout Asia Minor