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Plant reproduction Plant Reproduction
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Reproduction Do you remember the 7 characteristics of living things?
Movement Respiration Sensitivity Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition
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Reproduction is the way new individuals are made.
1. Sexual reproduction Plants can reproduce in two ways 2. Asexual reproduction
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What is the difference? Sexual Reproduction two parents involved.
2 different sex cells join together to form a zygote. the new plant is NOT identical to its parents. Asexual Reproduction just one parent. It does not involve sex cells the new plant IS identical to its parent.
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The following slides show asexual reproduction…
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Day 1
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Day 6
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Day 13
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Day 20
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Day 29
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Day 42
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Day 50
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Day 50 Some of the new growths are beginning to turn green – these will become the shoots of the new plant Some of the new growths are beginning to turn downwards – these will become the roots of the new plant
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Describe what has happened to this potato over the 50 days
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Other plants that reproduce asexually….
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The “runner” grows from the base of the plant
Asexual Reproduction The “runner” grows from the base of the plant when it is at enough distance it will grow new roots and a new shoot to become a new plant. The strawberry plant reproduces in this way. runner
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Spider plant 1. Parent plant 2. Cells divide to grow a new stem
1. Parent plant 2. Cells divide to grow a new stem 3. New plant grows at end of new stem
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Strawberry 1. Parent plant 3. New plant grows at end of stem
1. Parent plant 3. New plant grows at end of stem 2. Cells divide to grow new stem
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Sexual reproduction Petals- Carpel Stamen Sepals
Plants that reproduce sexually use flowers. Each flower has both male and female organs. Petals- Stigma Carpel (female) Style Anther Stamen (male) Ovary Filament Sepals
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OB52 sepal …locate the sepal… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 sepal …locate the sepal… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 petal …locate the petal... answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 petal …locate the petal… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 carpel …locate the carpel… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 carpel …locate the carpel… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 stamen …locate the stamen… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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OB52 stamen …locate the stamen… answer OB52 OB53 OB54 OB55 OB56 OB57
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Functions of the stamen – Male reproductive part
made up of two parts… anther: pollen(male sex cell) is produced here filament: this stalk supports the anther
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Making the sex cells… Put a diagram to show the anther split open to show pollen grains
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Functions of the Female parts
…carpel - female reproductive organ… …made up of three parts… stigma: pollen lands here style: this stalk connects the stigma to the ovary… ovary: the egg (female sex cell )is produced here…
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Diagram to show carpel cut open to show egg
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During pollination the pollen travels from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another plant
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Pollen is carried by animals – insects , bats, birds, dogs etc…
Mostly by insects – refer to the relationship that is good for both organisms!
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Pollen is also carried by the wind
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Fertilisation is when the male gamete joins with the female gamete, to form the first cell of the new plant (the zygote) Animation of pollen nucleus fusing with egg nucleus to form one new cell
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Making a seed After fertilisation the first cell divides many times to make the seed. Photograph of bean seeds needed, and a little tin of beans on the big yellow bean?
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Dispersal when the seed is brought away from the parent plant.
‘Bye Seed dispersal Dispersal when the seed is brought away from the parent plant. Animation of a little pea leaving home? Seeds are dispersed to ensure a better chance of survival - It avoids overcrowding !
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Wind dispersal Some plants disperse their seeds using the wind.
An example is the sycamore tree:
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Water dispersal Some plants disperse their seeds using the wind.
An example is the coconut plant
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Animal dispersal Some plants disperse their seeds using animals
An example is the burdock plant
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The pea fruit bursts open and throws out its own seeds
Self dispersal Some plants disperse their seeds themselves An example is the pea plant. The pea fruit bursts open and throws out its own seeds
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How is this seed dispersed?
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How is this seed dispersed?
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How is this seed dispersed?
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How is this seed dispersed?
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How is this seed dispersed?
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How is this seed dispersed?
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What a seed is made of Food store
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Seed Structure 1. testa 2. food supply 3. embryo = radicle and plumule
this broad bean seed has been soaked and taken apart 2 Photographs of bean seed to go here 1: outside with testa labelled 2: inside with food store and embryo labelled
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…embryo = radicle and plumule…
…have a closer look at the embryo …embryo = radicle and plumule… the radicle will grow to be the root The plumule will grow to be the shoot 2 Photographs of bean seed to go here 1: outside with testa labelled 2: inside with food store and embryo labelled
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Germination Germination is the growth of the seed into a new plant
Some also need wither light or darkness
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Germination when the conditions are right, the embryo uses up the stored food and grows into the root and shoot of the new plant
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…three conditions that must be right for a seed to germinate…
Oxygen Water Correct temperature
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Showing that water, oxygen and the correct temperature are needed for germination
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review the plant life cycle
2 pollen is transferred 3 After fertilization flower withers 1 seeds develop in ovary 4 seeds disperse and germinate into new plant 4
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