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Genotype 1 HCV in 2016: Clinical Decision Making in a Time of Plenty
Ira M. Jacobson, MD Chair, Department of Medicine Mount Sinai Beth Israel Senior Faculty and Vice-Chair, Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York, New York Supported by educational grants from AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen Therapeutics, Merck, and ViiV Healthcare.
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About These Slides Please feel free to use, update, and share some or all of these slides in your noncommercial presentations to colleagues or patients When using our slides, please retain the source attribution: These slides may not be published, posted online, or used in commercial presentations without permission. Please contact for details Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Disclaimer: The materials published on the Clinical Care Options Web site reflect the views of the authors of the CCO material, not those of Clinical Care Options, LLC, the CME providers, or the companies providing educational grants. The materials may discuss uses and dosages for therapeutic products that have not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. A qualified healthcare professional should be consulted before using any therapeutic product discussed. Readers should verify all information and data before treating patients or using any therapies described in these materials.
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Disclosures Ira. M. Jacobson, MD, has disclosed that he has received funds for research support from AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, and Merck; has served on speaker bureaus for AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, and Janssen; and has received consulting fees from AbbVie, Bristol- Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, Intercept, Janssen, Merck, and Trek.
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New Regimens and Data for Genotype 1 HCV Infection
AASLD Guidance Updated July 6, 2016 AASLD guidance stratifies regimens as “recommended” and “alternative” AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; HCV, hepatitis C virus. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. April 2016.
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AASLD: Recommended and Alternative Regimens for GT1 Without Cirrhosis
Nucleotide No nucleotide Population LDV/SOF DCV + SOF SMV + SOF SOF/VEL GZR/EBR OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV GT1a 12 wks 16 wks + RBV† 12 wks + RBV GT1b AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; DCV, daclatasvir; DSV, dasabuvir; EBR, elbasvir; GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; LDV, ledipasvir; OBV, ombitasvir; PTV, paritaprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir; SMV, simeprevir; SOF, sofosbuvir; VEL, velpatasvir. †If NS5A RAVs present. Recommended Alternative Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. July 2016.
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AASLD: Recommended and Alternative Regimens for GT1 With Compensated Cirrhosis
Nucleotide No nucleotide Population LDV/SOF DCV + SOF SMV + SOF SOF/VEL GZR/EBR OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV GT1a Naive PR exp 12 wks 12 wks + RBV or 24 wks 24 wks ± RBV 24 wks ± RBV* 16 wks + RBV† 12 wks 16 wks + RBV† 24 wks + RBV GT1b + RBV RBV AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; DCV, daclatasvir; DSV, dasabuvir; EBR, elbasvir; GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; LDV, ledipasvir; OBV, ombitasvir; PR, peginterferon/ribavirin; PTV, paritaprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir; SMV, simeprevir; SOF, sofosbuvir; VEL, velpatasvir. *Not with Q80K. †If NS5A RAVs present. Recommended Alternative Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. July 2016.
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Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir: Approved June 2016
Genotype 1a or 1b, without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh A), treatment naive or treatment experienced 12 weeks sofosbuvir/velpatasvir Genotype 1a or 1b, with decompensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B or C), treatment naive or treatment experienced 12 weeks sofosbuvir/velpatasvir + ribavirin Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir prescribing information.
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ASTRAL-1: VEL/SOF FDC for 12 Wks in GT1/2/4/5/6 With and Without Cirrhosis
Velpatasvir (GS-5816): pangenotypic HCV NS5A inhibitor GT3 pts evaluated in separate study 19% cirrhosis, 32% treatment experienced 99 99 100 98 75 SVR12* (%) FDC, fixed-dose combination; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SOF, sofosbuvir; VEL, velpatasvir. 50 25 n/N = 618/624 206/210 117/118 Overall GT1a GT1b *HCV RNA < 15 IU/mL Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Feld JJ, et al. AASLD Abstract LB-2.
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ASTRAL-4: VEL/SOF FDC for HCV in Pts With Decompensated Liver Disease
Treatment-naive or treatment-experienced pts with GT1-6 HCV infection and CTP B cirrhosis (N = 267) 55% treatment experienced; 95% MELD < 15; 75% to 83% ascites; 58% to 66% encephalopathy GT1: 78%; GT3: 15%, GT2/4/6: 8% Wk 0 Wk 12 Wk 24 Wk 36 SVR12 VEL/SOF* n = 90 CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; FDC, fixed-dose combination; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. SVR12 n = 87 VEL/SOF* + RBV SVR12 n = 90 VEL/SOF* *100 mg/400mg Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Charlton MR, et al. AASLD Abstract LB-13.
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ASTRAL-4: VEL/SOF FDC for HCV in Pts With Decompensated Liver Disease
SOF/VEL 12 wks SOF/VEL + RBV 12 wks SOF/VEL 24 wks 94 96 100 92 86 88 83 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 20 n/N = 75/90 82/87 77/90 60/68 65/68 65/71 Overall Genotype 1 Breakthrough, n Relapse, n LTFU, n Death, n - 11 1 3 1 2 - 1 7 3 2 - 5 1 2 - 1 2 - 3 AE, adverse event; D/c, discontinued; FDC, fixed-dose combination; HA, headache; Hb, hemoglobin; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LTFU, lost to follow-up; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. D/c due to AE: 3% (n = 9) Death due to AE: 3% (n = 9) Fatigue (29%); nausea (23%); HA (22%); anemia (13%; 31% in RBV arm) AE more frequent with RBV RBV arm: Hb < 10 mg/dL, 23%; Hb < 8.5 mg/dL, 7% RBV decreased in 37% and d/c in 17% Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Charlton MR, et al. AASLD Abstract LB-13
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ASTRAL-5: VEL/SOF FDC for 12 Wks in Pts Coinfected With HCV and HIV-1
SVR12 N = 106 VEL/SOF Wk 12 24 100 100 100 95 95 92 92 80 2 relapse 1 LTFU 1 withdrew consent 60 1 LTFU SVR12 (%) FDC, fixed-dose combination; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LTFU, lost to follow-up; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. 40 20 99/ 104 62/ 65 11/ 12 11/ 11 11/ 12 4/ 4 n/N = Total GT1a GT1b GT2 GT3 GT4 Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Wyles D, et al. EASL Abstract PS104.
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Grazoprevir/Elbasvir: Approved Jan 2016
Genotype 1a, with/without compensated cirrhosis, treatment naive or treatment experienced Without NS5A RAVs: GZR/EBR, 12 wks With NS5A RAVs: GZR/EBR + RBV, 16 wks* RAVs at positions 28, 30, 31, 93 Genotype 1b, with/without compensated cirrhosis, treatment naive or treatment experienced GZR/EBR, 12 wks RAV testing not indicated EBR, elbasvir; GZR, grazoprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant. *Listed as “alternative” regimen. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. April 2016.
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C-EDGE TN: 12 Wks of GZR/EBR in Genotype 1, 4, or 6
100 100 95 97 99 94 92 80 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 299/ 316 231/ 246 68/ 70 144/ 157 129/ 131 18/ 18 8/ 10 20 n/N = All Pts Noncirrhotics Cirrhotics GT1a GT1b 3 1 9 GT4 1 GT6 2 Non-VF Breakthrough Relapse Good safety and tolerability profile No drug-related serious AEs; 2 deaths unrelated to drug No concurrent ALT/bilirubin increase Lower SVR12 rates in pts with BL NS5A RAVs (2/9, 22%); associated with > 5-fold loss of EBR susceptibility Virologic failure only if baseline HCV RNA > 800,000 IU/mL AE, adverse event; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BL, baseline; EBR, elbasvir; GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; SVR, sustained virologic response; VF, virologic failure. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Zeuzem S, et al. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:1-13.
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C-EDGE TE: 12 or 16 Wks of GZR/EBR ± RBV in Treatment-Experienced GT1, 4, or 6
92 94 97 100 80 60 40 20 92 12 wks SVR12 (%, 95% CI) 16 wks 97/ 105 98/ 104 97/ 105 103/ 106 n/N = No RBV + RBV No RBV + RBV Breakthrough Rebound Relapse LTFU/early d/c 6 2 0060 1241 0003 *ITT population. AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; d/c, discontinued; EBR, elbasvir; GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; ITT, intent to treat; LTFU, lost to follow-up; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; SVR, sustained virologic response. Virologic failures driven by RAVs Analysis from AASLD 2015 shows that presence of baseline NS5A RAVs by population sequencing or next-generation sequencing (with 10% to 20% cutoff) is predictive of failure Kwo P, et al. EASL Abstract P0886. Jacobson I, et al. AASLD Abstract LB22. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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C-EDGE TE: Efficacy of 12 Wks of GZR/EBR ± RBV by Baseline RAVs
SVR12, n/N (%) Total NS3 Variants Not Detectable NS3 RAVs ≤ 5-Fold Shift > 5-Fold Shift GT1a 95% 107/112 (96) 104/111 (94) GT1b 99% 133/135 (99) 9/9 (100) 1/1 (100%) NS5A Variants Not Detectable NS5A RAVs 190/192 (99) 10/10 (100) 11/21 (52) 127/127 (100) 16/18 (89) EBR, elbasvir; GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; SVR, sustained virologic response. Should baseline RAV testing be done with this regimen? The NS5A RAVs that matter are in the 28, 30, 31, and 93 positions Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Kwo P, et al. EASL Abstract P0886.
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C-SURFER: Grazoprevir/Elbasvir in Pts With GT1 HCV and Stage 4/5 CKD
Treatment Wk 12 Follow-up Wk 4 Follow-up Wk 16 SVR12* Randomized period GT1 HCV–infected pts with stage 4/5 CKD (n = 224) Grazoprevir/Elbasvir (n = 111) 99% Open-label period Placebo (n = 113) Grazoprevir/Elbasvir (n = 113) 98% Grazoprevir/elbasvir dosed orally 100 mg/50 mg once daily. This study also included a pharmacokinetic analysis (n = 11) in which pts were treated as in the randomized grazoprevir/elbasvir study group. 76% on dialysis 34% with diabetes 52% GT1a, 48% GT1b 6% cirrhosis *Modified full analysis set population. CKD, chronic kidney disease; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SVR, sustained virologic response. Roth D, et al. Lancet. 2015;386: Roth D, et al. Kidney Week Abstract SA-PO1100. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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Daclatasvir + Sofosbuvir
Genotype 1a or 1b, treatment naive or experienced, without cirrhosis DCV + SOF, 12 wks Genotype 1a or 1b, treatment naive or experienced, with compensated cirrhosis DCV + SOF ± RBV, 24 wks* *Listed as “alternative” regimen DCV, daclatasvir; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. April 2016.
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DCV + SOF ± RBV for 24 Wks in GT1 Pts With Advanced Liver Disease
SVR12 by Genotype 100 100 98 98 98 97 97 96 96 92 91 89 90 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 20 GT, genotype; DCV, daclatasvir; mITT, modified intent to treat; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. All GT1 GT1a GT1b As observed DCV + SOF DCV + SOF + RBV mITT DCV + SOF DCV + SOF + RBV Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Welzel T, et al. EASL Abstract SAT-275.
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Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir + Dasabuvir
Genotype 1a, treatment naive or experienced No cirrhosis: OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV + RBV, 12 wks With compensated cirrhosis: OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV + RBV, 24wks* RAV testing not indicated Genotype 1b, with/without compensated cirrhosis, treatment naive or experienced OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV, 12 wks DSV, dasabuvir; OBV, ombitasvir; PTV, paritaprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir. *Listed as “alternative” regimen. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com AASLD/IDSA. HCV guidelines. April 2016.
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TURQUOISE III: 12 Wks of OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV Without RBV in Cirrhotic GT1b Pts
Virologic Response 100 100 100 100 100 80 60 Pts (%) 40 20 n/N = 60/60 60/60 60/60 60/60 RVR EOTR SVR4 SVR12 AASLD, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases; DSV, dasabuvir; EOTR, end of treatment viral response; GT, genotype; OBV, ombitasvir; PTV, paritaprevir; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir; RVR, rapid viral response; SVR, sustained virologic response. AASLD guidance now recommends OBV/PTV/RTV + DSV 12 wks without RBV for GT1b cirrhotics Still need 24 wks + RBV for GT1a cirrhotics, naive or experienced Poordad F, et al. AASLD Abstract AASLD/IDSA. HCV Guidance. April 2016. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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Real-World Efficacy of OBV/PTV/RTV ± DSV ± RBV: German HCV Registry Cohort
Efficacy population (complete follow-up): n = 543; safety population (initiated treatment): n = 1017 GT1: 88%; GT4: 12%; cirrhosis: 22% (CTP B/C: 7%); tx experienced: 59% 100 97 96 97 95 93 96 100 96 98 96 100 80 *Includes 13 pts with mixed or unknown GT1 subgenotype infection, all of whom achieved SVR. 60 SVR24 (%) 40 20 BOC, boceprevir; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; DSV, dasabuvir; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IFN, interferon; OBV, ombitasvir; pegIFN, peginterferon; PTV, paritaprevir; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir; SVR, sustained virologic response; TVR, telaprevir; tx, treatment. 365/378 108/113 246/ 254 51/ 51 121/ 127 26/ 28 93/ 97 2/ 2 200/208 268/ 274 46/ 48 n/N = GT1 Total* GT1 Total* (peg)IFN ± RBV GT1a GT1b GT4 GT1a GT1b GT4 Naive TVR/BOC + pegIFN + RBV Without Cirrhosis With Cirrhosis Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Hinrichsen H, et al. EASL Abstract GS07.
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Real-World Efficacy of OBV/PTV/RTV ± DSV ± RBV: Israeli Cohort
Efficacy population (complete follow-up): n = 432; safety population (initiated treatment): n = 661 GT1: 100%; cirrhosis: 62% (CTP A/B: 98.5%/1.5%); tx exp’d: 62% Post LT: n = 22 SVR12 mITT/overall: 82%/86%; 4 discontinued due to serious AEs, one of which achieved SVR 99 99 100 80 No cirrhosis Cirrhosis Pts With Undetectable HCV RNA (%) 60 40 AE, adverse event; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; DSV, dasabuvir; GT, genotype; LT, liver transplantation; mITT, modified intent to treat; OBV, ombitasvir; PTV, paritaprevir; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir; SVR, sustained virologic response; tx, treatment. 20 161/ 163 251/ 253 *Excludes pts who did not achieve SVR12 for reasons other than virologic failure. 161/ 163 251/ 253 n/N = SVR12 (mITT*) Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Zuckerman E, et al. EASL Abstract PS004.
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Real-World Safety of OBV/PTV/RTV ± DSV ± RBV: German and Israeli Cohorts
Most common AEs across both cohorts[1,2]: fatigue, pruritus, headache, insomnia, nausea, diarrhea (Israeli), anemia (German) Serious AE: 2.1% to 3.8% D/c for AE: 1.5% to 3.0% 3 deaths deemed unrelated to HCV therapy: stroke, MI, multiple organ failure In Israeli cohort, 20 pts discontinued for AEs[2] Serious AE: n = 12 Decompensation: n = 8 In Israeli cohort, several factors identified as significant predictors of hepatic decompensation[2] Factor P Value Age older than 75 yrs .005 Platelets < 90,000/mL .03 Albumin < 3.5 g/dL .048 CTP score ≥ 7 .07 MELD score > 10 .01 Previous decompensation < .001 AE, adverse event; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; D/c, discontinued; DSV, dasabuvir; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; MI, myocardial infarction; OBV, ombitasvir; PTV, paritaprevir; RBV, ribavirin; RTV, ritonavir. 1. Hinrichsen H, et al. EASL Abstract GS07. 2. Zuckerman E, et al. EASL Abstract PS004. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for GT1 Tx-Naive Noncirrhotics With HCV RNA < 6 M IU/mL:
Are 8 wks sufficient? Or are 12 wks better? Established by retrospective analysis of ION-3 Many clinicians were initially uncomfortable What do “real-world” data show? GT, genotype; Tx, treatment. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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8 vs 12 Wks of LDV/SOF in Pts With GT1 HCV: HCV-TARGET and TRIO Network
Treatment-naive, noncirrhotic pts with GT1 HCV HCV RNA < 6 M IU/mL in HCV-TARGET HCV-TARGET[1] TRIO Network[2] 97 97 100 100 95 96 80 80 60 60 SVR12 (%) SVR12 (%) 40 40 GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LDV, ledipasvir; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. 20 20 n/N = 127/131 187/192 251/263 604/632 8 Wks 8 Wks 8 Wks 12 Wks 1. Terrault N, et al. AASLD Abstract Curry M, et al. AASLD Abstract 1046. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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8 Wks of LDV/SOF in Pts With GT1 HCV: German Real-World Single-Center Study
Pts noncirrhotic (100%) and primarily treatment naive (97%), GT1 (98%), and HCV RNA < 6 M IU/mL (96%) 99 100 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LDV, ledipasvir; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. 20 n/N = 127/128 8 Wks Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Buggisch P et al, EASL Abstract SAT-242.
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LDV/SOF: SVR12 by Treatment Regimen and Duration in Pts Without Cirrhosis
Pooled data from multiple trials, HCV RNA < 6 M IU/mL in 8-wk arm With RAVs No RAVs 98 99 99 99 100 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 LDV, ledipasvir; RAV, resistance associated variant; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. 20 n/N = 30/32 107/108 187/189 504/509 8 Wks 12 Wks Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Zeuzem S, et al. AASLD Abstract 91.
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PPIs and Ledipasvir: Does Acid Suppression Matter?
PPI, proton pump inhibitor.
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HCV-TARGET: Effect of PPI Use?
Pts treated according to local standards of care at 44 academic/ 17 community medical centers in North America/Europe Virologic outcome known for 1074 pts SVR12 According to Baseline PPI Use PPI: No PPI: Yes 98 98 100 80 60 40 20 93 93 SVR12 (%) LDV, ledipasvir; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. 122/ 124 28/ 30 456/ 464 151/ 163 n/N = 8-Wk LDV/SOF 12-Wk LDV/SOF Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Terrault N, et al. AASLD Abstract 94.
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TRIO Network: No Effect of PPI Use?
Real-world data from 2034 pts with GT1 HCV receiving LDV/SOF A per protocol analysis (n = 1979) showed no effect of PPIs on SVR SVR12 According to Baseline PPI Use 98 100 98 97 99 100 80 60 40 20 97 PPI: No PPI: Yes GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LDV, ledipasvir; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response. SVR12 (%) 230/234 41/ 41 1024/1045 287/297 243/246 113/116 n/N = 12 Wks 24 Wks 8 Wks Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Afdhal N, et al. EASL Abstract LBP519.
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TRIO Network: Predictors of Response to LDV/SOF by PPI Usage
Per protocol analysis (n = 1979) n = 454 97% PPI drug Dexlansoprazole (n = 10) Esomeprazole (n = 48) Lansoprazole (n = 26) P = .799 Omeprazole (n = 288) “Caution with use of high dose PPIs with LDV/SOF” Pantoprazole (n = 77) Rabeprazole (n = 5) PPI dose Low (n = 282) P = .965 High (n = 172) LDV, ledipasvir; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; SOF, sofosbuvir. PPI frequency Once daily (n = 420) P = .030 Twice daily (n = 34) 80% 90% 100% Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Afdhal N, et al. EASL Abstract LBP519.
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New Regimens
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VEL/SOF + GS-9857 for 6 or 8 Wks in Treatment-Naive Pts With GT1-6 HCV
Genotype 1 Genotypes 1-6 No Cirrhosis Cirrhosis 96 100 94 100 100 81 79 71 80 80 60 60 SVR (%) SVR (%) 40 40 20 20 n/N = 53/67 95/99 25/35 36/36 31/33 25/31 No RBV 6 Wks No RBV 8 Wks No RBV 6 Wks No RBV 8 Wks No RBV 8 Wks RBV 8 Wks 8 wks of VEL/SOF + GS9857 highly effective including pts with RAVs and cirrhosis Single tablet QD in phase III 6 wks had high relapse No benefit of RBV with 8 wks Will the triplet be used as primary first-line treatment or as salvage treatment for persons who fail current DAAs? DAA, direct-acting antiviral; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; QD, once daily; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Gane EJ, et al. EASL Abstract SAT-138.
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VEL/SOF + GS-9857 for 12 Wks in Treatment-Experienced GT1-6 HCV
BL Characteristics (N = 128) VEL/SOF + GS-9857 Cirrhosis, n (%) 61 (48) Mean HCV RNA, log10 IU/mL (range) 6.3 ( ) HCV genotype, n (%) 1 63 (49) 2 21 (16) 3 35 (27) 4/6 9 (7) DAA experience, n (%) None (GT2-6 only) 27 (21) 1 DAA class 36 (28) ≥ 2 DAA classes 65 (51) 99 100 100 80 60 SVR12 (%) 40 20 n/N = 127/128 63/63 BL, baseline; DAA, direct-acting antiviral; GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. Overall GT1 1 pt relapsed at posttreatment Wk 8 Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Lawitz E, et al. EASL Abstract PS008.
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SURVEYOR-I/II: ABT-493 + ABT-530 for 8 or 12 Wks in Pts With GT1 or 2 HCV
Open-label, treatment naive or pegIFN/RBV experienced SVR12 in Pts With GT1 HCV 8 wks 12 wks 100 97 96 100 100 80 80 60 60 SVR12 (%) SVR12 (%) 40 40 GT, genotype; HCV, hepatitis C virus; ITT, intent to treat; mITT, modified intent to treat; pegIFN, peginterferon; RBV, ribavirin; SVR, sustained virologic response. 20 20 n/N = 33/34 33/33 26/27 ITT mITT Cirrhosis[2] No Cirrhosis[1] 1. Poordad F, et al. EASL Abstract SAT Gane EJ, et al. EASL Abstract SAT-135. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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C-CREST 1 and 2: MK-3682/GZR/MK-8408 for 8 Wks in Tx-Naive Noncirrhotic Pts
GT1, 2, or 3 without cirrhosis (N = 240) In GT1 arm, no impact of baseline NS5A, NS3, or NS5B RAVs on SVR12 100 100 87 80 60 40 MK-3682 (300 mg) + GZR + MK-8408 MK-3682 (450 mg) + GZR + MK-8408 20 n/N = 24/24 20/23 GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; RAV, resistance associated variant; SVR, sustained virologic response; Tx, treatment. Genotype 1 Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com Gane EJ, et al. EASL Abstract 139.
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Conclusions 5 highly effective regimens approved for GT1 HCV
Newest is GZR/EBR, which requires RAV testing in GT1a Need for extended therapy and/or RBV in cirrhotics depending on regimen, GT1 subtype, and prior treatment status Real-world data reflect efficacy in clinical trials Data support 8 wks of LDV/SOF in GT1 treatment-naive noncirrhotics with HCV RNA < 6 M IU/mL High-dose PPIs should be avoided with LDV (same likely to be the case with VEL based on clinical trial designs) GT, genotype; GZR, grazoprevir; HCV, hepatitis C virus; LDV, ledipasvir; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; RAV, resistance associated variant; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir; VEL, velpatasvir. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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New Regimens in Development
Promising regimens Second-generation 2-drug regimen of ABT-493/ ABT-530 Triplet regimens of PI/NS5A/Nuc New regimens may offer 8-week option for noncirrhotics High SVR rates in DAA failures DAA, direct-acting antiviral; Nuc, nucleotide analog; PI, protease inhibitor; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir. Slide credit: clinicaloptions.com
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