1. Depends on the movement and spacing of its particles
States of Matter
Depends on the movement and spacing of its particles

2. Solid Particles are closely packed, except water Has a definite shape
Particle are close together, no matter what container you put it in, it keeps the same shape
Has a definite volume
Even if you squeeze it or compress it, it still has the same volume – the air pockets are closed up
Squeeze a pillow

3. Liquid
Particles are still closer together but have room to move around
Has a definite volume
No matter what container you put it in you still have the same amount (volume)
Has no definite shape
Liquid will take the shape of the container it is in
Particles are not so close together, therefore they can change shape
*Any substance that can flow freely is called fluid

4. Gas Particles are spread far apart No definite shape
The particles move about freely and are constantly bouncing off each other
Because particles can move about gases are “fluid”
No definite volume
Gases have a lower density than solids and liquids which allows them to float
Gases can be compressed to fit INTO CONTAINERS, THEREFORE TAKING ON THEIR SHAPE AND VOLUME

5. Freezing/Melting change between solid and liquid states
Freezing point – liquid turns to a solid
Melting point – solid turns to a liquid
These are the same temperature
Each material has its own freezing/melting point which can help identify the material.
Water – 32 degrees F/0 degrees C

6. Freezing/Boiling
When energy is added to a solid its temperature will rise to a certain point and it will melt
When energy is removed from a liquid it drops to a freezing point and turns into a solid
Water
Freezing point 0C/32F
Boiling point 100C/212F
worksheet

7. Boiling To change from a liquid to a gas
Substances found as gases on Earth boil at temperatures lower than that of the air
Nitrogen must be cooled to nearly -200C before it changes to a liquid

8. Vaporization/Condensation
Change a liquid to a gas
Adding energy to a liquid makes the particles speed up, raising the temperature. At some point the particles will break apart, spreading out and becoming a gas
Rapid vaporization is called “boiling”
A slow or gradual vaporization is called “evaporation” and takes place on the surface of a liquid
“condensation” is when energy is removed from a gas turning it into a liquid
Sweat on a water glass *breathe out on a cold day
Pg 26 Do the Math

9. Sublimation/deposition
“sublimation” directly turning from a solid to a gas
“dry ice” is solid carbon dioxide” – when it melts it is not wet
“deposition” change from a gas to a solid
Energy is removed from the gas and particles slow down, under certain conditions the gas will turn into a solid
Frost – when temp reach the freezing point, water vapor in the air touches a cold surface to form ice crystals

10. Thermal expansion/Contraction
Thermal expansion – when solid matter is heated it will expand (increase in size)because the particles vibrate faster and move further apapt
Contraction – the particles vibrate more slowly and decrease in size
This puts strain on bridges

11. Draw and label in notebook

12. Light Transparent – clear and allows all light to pass through it
Clear glass
Translucent – blocks some of the light
Stained glass window
Opaque – blocks all the light
Black curtain
**Sorting page

13. F30 Magnetic
Magnetic – a force created by the motion of electrons in an atom.
When the electrons are aligned in the same direction, the field around them causes a strong magnetic field
Iron, nickle and cobalt are magnetic
Magnets have 2 poles the north and south.
North repels north
North attracts south
“Opposites Attract”
Story: The Day I swallowed a magnet… (front and back page)

14. E46, F92-93 Conductivity/insulators
Conductivity – its ability to carry energy
Electric
Thermal
Conductors – transfer energy easily
Metals
Water
Insulators – does not transfer energy
Rubber
Plastic
Wood
**Why would you not want to stand in a puddle during a lighting storm?