1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Smart Grid Communications Preliminary Proposal]
Date Submitted: [March 1, 2009]
Source: [Scott Weikel] Company [Elster Electricity]
[Robert Mason] Company [Elster Electricity]
[Jeff McCullough] Company [Elster Electricity]
[David Hart] Company [Elster Electricity]
Address: [208 South Rogers Lane; Raleigh, NC ] Voice:[ ]
Re: [TG4-SUN PHY Layer Proposal]
Abstract: Preliminary Proposal for Smart Utility Networks aka Smart Grid Communications
Purpose: Contribution to Smart Grid Communications
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P
Doc: IEEE g

2. Proposal to TG4-SUN
Smart Grid Communications
March 12, 2009
IEEE g

3. The Smart Grid vision…
Secure standards based communications help to improve electric system operation
Enables alternate forms of energy generation and usage
Proactively alerts utility of problems on the grid
Empowers consumers with information
Supports Green initiatives 3

4. Smart Grid Needs Provide usage information to consumers
Provide information from power grid
Bi-directional and net metering for new power sources
Electric consumption data on hourly or sub-hourly basis
Water consumption
Gas consumption
Support business logistics
On-request reads
Operational control
Outage and restoration management
Support for future applications
This slide is a suggestion : Just another but different exemple to show that the technology can be fitted to various application
Do you think that you can get number to complete it ? I suppose that device lifetime does't scale linearly with the number of transmission during the lifetime ?

5. Network Considerations
Endpoints at all points of service or in premise
Not mobile – limited installation options
Requires robust communications over long distances
Battery powered water and gas devices
Up to 20 years life
Support broadcast messages for utility applications such as load control
Support on request reads in seconds
Support control in seconds
Secure to prevent others from un-authorized access or denial of service
This slide is a suggestion : Just another but different exemple to show that the technology can be fitted to various application
Do you think that you can get number to complete it ? I suppose that device lifetime does't scale linearly with the number of transmission during the lifetime ?

6. SUN – Smart Grid Examples

7. Real World Deployment
Technology based on 900 MHz FHSS has been field proven
Over 2 million smart grid points are deployed
In Home Display
Programmable Control Thermostat
Electric meters
Water registers
Gas registers
50+ Systems deployed 7 different countries
5 Years experience with true 2-way utility smart grid communications

8. Scope/Goals of TG4g-SUN
Define an alternate PHY layer for with only those MAC modifications needed to support the PHY layer implementation
Support operation in any of the regionally available license exempt frequency bands, such as 700MHz to 1GHz, and the 2.4 GHz band
Data rate of at least 40 kbps but not more than 1000 kbps
Achieve the optimal energy efficient link margin given the environmental conditions encountered in Smart Metering deployments
Principally outdoor communications
PHY frame sizes up to a minimum of 1500 octets
Simultaneous operation for at least 3 co-located orthogonal networks
Connectivity to at least one thousand direct neighbors characteristic of dense urban deployments
Provide mechanisms that enable coexistence with other systems in the same band(s) including IEEE , and systems

9. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Define an alternate PHY layer for with only those MAC modifications needed to support the PHY layer implementation
Overview of Proposed PHY Layer
MHz ISM band where available
FSK modulation
400 kHz channel spacing to support higher data rates
Two bands in MHz region. Each band uses 25 channel FHSS
Programmable output power (to suit various device types)
Data rates between 9.6 and 300 kbps

10. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Support operation in any of the regionally available license exempt frequency bands, such as 700MHz to 1GHz, and the 2.4 GHz band
Comparison of frequency bands
2.4 GHz band is very congested and doesn’t offer the robust PHY layer required to meet the requirements of Smart Utility Networks (SUN)
MHz band offers both bandwidth and robustness required to meet the requirements
Proposal is not restricted to the 902 – 928 MHz band, but satisfies the goals within one band

11. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Support operation in any of the regionally available license exempt frequency bands, such as 700MHz to 1GHz, and the 2.4 GHz band
Comparison of 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz unlicensed bands (if 900 MHz available)
900 MHz signals propagate farther than 2.4 GHz
Free space loss is approx. 10 dB higher for 2.4 GHz as compared to 900 MHz
Distance of 900 MHz is typically 2.5 times better than 2.4 GHz
900 MHz signals penetrate better than 2.4 GHz
Ability to overcome obstacles (buildings, trees)
Buildings, and other obstacles attenuate 2.4 GHz more than 900 MHz
900 MHz signals are absorbed less than 2.4 GHz
Multi-path fading (reflection) is worse at higher frequencies
Walls, pine needles, other materials absorb (attenuate) 2.4 GHz more than 900 MHz
Weather (fog, rain) attenuate 2.4 GHz more than 900 MHz

12. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Data rate of at least 40 kbps but not more than 1000 kbps
Proposed PHY Layer
Supports variable data rates between 9.6 and 300 kbps
Data rate allowed to vary based on device type
Provides a low data rate for simple low end devices, while also providing a higher data rates for large data/message transport

13. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Achieve the optimal energy efficient link margin given the environmental conditions encountered in Smart Metering deployments
Proven operation in Smart Metering deployments
Proven in outdoor environments
Proven with electric, gas, and water smart meters
Proven reliable communications to bridge utility to in-home devices
Supports communications from meter into the home
Both single family residential and multi-unit structures (e.g. apartment complexes)

14. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Principally outdoor communications
Communication backbone is principally outdoors, BUT it is critical to get from the meter into the home
Must get from electric meter into the home to water meter
Must support multi-home dwellings
Propagation distances and penetration of 900 MHz signals provides range and robustness for outdoor communications AND provide optional communications INTO the residence for functions such as load control

15. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
PHY frame sizes up to a minimum of 1500 octets
Long packets will increase probability of errors
Simple PHY frame structure
Variable frame size
Support smaller block sizes with extensions to 1500 or more octets
Particularly for low power applications
Support for large payloads
Data whitening performed as software algorithm – no PHY space required for whitening

16. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Simultaneous operation for at least 3 co-located orthogonal networks
Support multiple channels to enable up to three orthogonal networks if required
Not all mesh implementations require 3 simultaneous orthogonal networks
Some simultaneous orthogonal networks may require ‘chatter’ to synchronize
Three networks in the frequency band may enforce a bandwidth limitation that is not desired
With frequency hopping systems, FCC requirements specify minimum bandwidth requirements
Proposed option supports two networks in the MHz band
Both networks can fully co-exist at ¼ W
Devices can participate in only one or both networks

17. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Simultaneous operation for 2 co-located orthogonal networks
2 networks in a given frequency band.
Example, MHz band:
400 kHz channel spacing. 25 channels for each network
Split frequency allocation provides flexibility for international locations where MHz region is not available for use, but MHz region is available.
Allows a single device to operate on two networks with minimal hardware

18. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Connectivity to at least one thousand direct neighbors characteristic of dense urban deployments
Networks deployed and demonstrating more than one thousand direct neighbors
Network structure is primarily based on a network coordinator to multiple devices and supports peer to peer communications
Millions of devices deployed around the world

19. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Provide mechanisms that enable coexistence with other systems in the same band(s) including IEEE , , and
FHSS communications provides best option for coexistence
Fixed channel selection (as per DSSS) is not required
900 MHz band is less crowded and avoids many other systems (801.11, , ) that are predominately in other bands
Proven network performance in the presence of commonly encountered interference sources

20. Proposal to Address Goals of TG4-SUN
Key Points
Need to support utility requirements for electric, water, and gas meters
Otherwise standard encompasses less than today’s systems
Need to support low data and high data for advanced grid features
Water/Gas reads, Electric reads, Network control
Networks: 1, 2, or 3 possible
900 MHz FHSS FSK proven in the field
Proven performance in both dense and sparse deployments

21. Thank you!!