2. Volume

3. is the amount of space occupied by an object
Volume
is the amount of space occupied by an object

4. Regular Shapes

5. To know the volume of a solid rectangular prism
(like a brick)

6. 1. Measure the dimensions of the rectangular prism.
Length
Width
Height
height
width
length

7. Width
Height
Length

8. 2. Multiply the three dimensions and their units together.
Length X Width X Height = Volume

9. For the brick, the units are centimeters (cm).
Therefore, the units for volume are expressed in cubic centimeters or cm3.

10. To find out how much a truck or box car will hold,
measure the dimensions using larger units - meters.
Therefore, the volume is expressed in cubic meters, m3.

11. Irregular Shapes

12. To measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object
(Like a rock)

13. 3. Record the volume of water.
1. Get a graduated cylinder in which the irregular object will easily fit.
140
2. Pour water into the cylinder to half the total volume the cylinder can hold.
100
80 mL 60
3. Record the volume of water. 20

14. 4. Drop the object gently into the cylinder.
140
5. Record the new volume.
120 mL
100
80 mL
6. Subtract the old volume from the new volume.
40 mL 60 20
-or-
-or-

15. 1. Securely tie a string around the rock.
2. Record the volume of water.
140
100
80 mL 60 20

16. 5. Subtract the original volume from the new volume.
3. Carefully sink the object into the cylinder until it is completely covered with water.
4. Record the volume.
5. Subtract the original volume from the new volume.
140
100
6. Express the volume in mL. 60 20

17. Determining Mass

18. Mass is defined as Sponge Rock
a measurement of the amount of matter in an object.

19. Baseball and tennis balls have about the same volume.
That is, they take up about the same amount of space.

20. But if you pick them up, you notice a difference.
The baseball has more mass.

21. A block of aluminum and a block of silver look very similar.

23. The Aluminum and Silver have properties in common and properties that make them different.
Property Aluminum Silver
Volume
216 cm3
216 cm3
Luster
shiny
shiny
Electrical conductor
poor
good
Heat Conductor
good
good
Phase of matter
solid
solid
Color
silver
silver
Atomic Mass 27
108
Kinds of Atoms
Aluminum
Silver
Atomic Number 13 47
Melting Point
660ºC
962ºC
Boiling Point
2467ºC
2162ºC

24. One property that makes aluminum different from silver is the property of
Density

25. the mass of a substance per unit of volume.
Density is defined as
the mass of a substance per unit of volume.

26. Wood Plastic Metal These three blocks have the same volume,
but their masses are different.

27. Formula for Density M DV Density = Mass/Volume or
Mass = Density X Volume or
Volume = Mass/Density

28. To Calculate Density 1. Determine the volume of the object.20 60
100
140
80 mL
120 mL
40 mL
Width X
Height
Length X
-or-
2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 cm3)
3. Determine the mass of the object.
4. Divide mass by volume to determine density. (g/mL or g/cm3)

29. Density of Common Items
Remember:
1 mL = 1cm3

30. Let’s Practice!
What is the density of a piece of iron that has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 2.0 cm3? M DV

31. Granite has a density of 4. 0 g/cm3
Granite has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 40 cm3 of granite? M DV

32. Copper has a density of 4. 0 g/cm3. What is the volume of 12
Copper has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the volume of 12.0 g of copper? M DV

33. Corn oil has density of 7. 0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 34
Corn oil has density of 7.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 34.0 cm3 of corn oil? M DV

34. Mercury metal is poured into a graduated cylinder that holds exactly 20.0 mL. The mercury used to fill the cylinder weighs g. From this information, calculate the density of mercury. M DV

35. 28. 0 g of iron shot is added to a graduated cylinder containing 45
28.0 g of iron shot is added to a graduated cylinder containing mL of water. The water level rises to the mL mark, From this information, calculate the density of iron. M DV

36. Find the mass of 100. 0 mL of benzene. The density of benzene is 0
Find the mass of mL of benzene. The density of benzene is g/mL. M DV