1. General Circulation of the Atmosphere
Current Weather
Finish Energy
Wind Essentials  
Idealized Global Circulation  
Seasonal and Regional Modification
For Next Class: Bring questions
Reminder: Exam I on Monday! Review Sheet is posted on AsUlearn.

2. Temperature
Where is the coldest location in the world likely to be in January? Why?
In July? Why?
Which location has the greatest annual temperature range? Why?

3. January Temperatures
Figure 5.14

4. July Temperatures
Figure 5.17

5. Global Temperature Ranges
Figure 5.19

6. What is Wind?

7. What is Wind? Horizontal movement of air
Moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Above the surface, winds are geostrophic (parallel to isobars) and result from a combination of two forces:
Pressure Gradient Force (High to Low)
Coriolis Effect (Right in NH, Left in SH)

8. Pressure Gradient
Figure 6.7

9. Coriolis Force
Figure 6.9

10. Upper Level Winds
What are the two forces that influence wind direction in the upper levels of the troposphere (i.e., above 12,000 ft or ~600 mb)?

11. Surface Winds
What are the three forces that influence wind direction at the surface?

12. Energy Budget by Latitude
Figure 4.13

15. Idealized Global Circulation Model
ITCZ – Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone
STHP – Sub-Tropical High Pressure
SPLP – Sub-Polar Low Pressure
PHP – Polar High Pressure

16. Seasonal Patterns
Location of the sun’s noon-time vertical rays (i.e., where the sun is directly overhead) helps to control the position of the ITCZ
Northern Hemisphere summer, ITCZ and all of the wind and pressure belts migrate to the north
North Hemisphere winter, ITCZ and all of the wind and pressure belts migrate to the south

17. General Atmospheric Circulation
Figure 6.12

18. General Atmospheric Circulation
Figure 6.12

19. Global Barometric Pressure
Figure 6.10

20. Global Barometric Pressure
Figure 6.10

22. June–July ITCZ
Figure 6.11

23. Rossby Waves
Figure 6.16

24. Location of Polar Front and Sub-Polar Low Pressure

25. Blizzard of 1993

26. Jet Streams
Figure 6.17

27. Mountain-Valley Breezes
Figure 6.19

28. Monsoonal Winds
Figure 6.20

29. Major Ocean Currents
Figure 6.21