1. FRACTIONATION OF MANGO LEAVES EXTRACT BY PREPARATIVE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (Prep-SFC) M.T. FERNANDEZ-PONCE, L. CASAS, C. MANTELL, AND E. MARTINEZ DE LA OSSA Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Science Faculty, University of Cádiz, International Agri-food Campus of Excellence, ceiA3 P.O. Box 40, Puerto Real, Cádiz SPAIN.
INTRODUCTION
The xanthone mangiferin with potent antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities is considered as the responsible of the pharmacological properties of extracts.
Labeling this compound as a potential chemopreventive agent to combat degenerative diseases1.
Aqueous and ethanolic mango leaves extracts obtained by conventional or high pressure extraction techniques contain between 10 to 12% of mangiferin2. However, for pharmaceutical applications a more purified product is required.
This study proposed a green fractionation process by Preparative Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (Prep-SFC) to obtain a fraction of mango leaves extract with high concentration on mangiferin.
Mango leaves present a great content on bioactive compounds with antioxidant and health promoting properties.
Mango polyphenols
mangiferin--D-glucoside
Xanthones
Benzophenones
Flavonoids
Gallotannins
phenolic acids
METHODS AND STRATEGY
Schematic diagram of Prep-SFC equipment
SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Advantages
More efficient than LC or GC
Easy recovery of the analyte
Wide range of samples (LC or GC)
Use of fewer quantities of organic solvents
Disadvantages
Control of more parameters (T, p, % of cosolvent)
use of high percentage of organic solvents for separation of polar compounds
RESULTS
Supercritical Fractionation of mango polyphenols
Best conditions: 400 bar and 40 ºC
HPLC Chromatogram of mango polyphenols fractions: 1) gallic acid; 2) methyl gallate
3) quercetin; 4) mangiferin
CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
CO2 + 5% of methanol allowed the elution of first and second fraction.
First fraction was composed by phenolic acids. The low interaction of gallic acid and derivatives on reverse-phase silica and their high solubility on mixtures of CO2 + cosolvent explain the elution efficiency of these compounds.
Second fraction consisting on quercetin resulted in tailing and long retention because of the strong interactions of quercetin and derivatives on Rp-silica.
third fraction composed by mangiferin was eluted with CO2 plus modifier between 25 to 50%. Elution of mangiferin, a polar xanthone not soluble in CO2, requires the use of high percentages of CO2 modifiers.
1 Barreto J.C., Trevisan M.T.S, Hull W.E, Erben G., De Brito E.S., Pfundstein B., Würtele G., Spiegelhaldern B. and Owen R.W., 2008, Characterization and Quantitation of Polyphenolic Compounds in Bark, Kernel, Leaves, and Peel of Mango (Mangifera indica L.), Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56,
2 Fernández-Ponce M.T, Casas L., Mantell C., Rodríguez M., Martínez de la Ossa E., 2012, Extraction of antioxidant compounds from different varieties of Mangifera indica leaves using Green Technologies, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 72, 168– 175