1. BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
&
STATISTICS

2. Module 5 Statistical data representation ( Lecture 23)
Measures of central tendency
( Lectures 24-25)
Measures of dispersion and skewness
( Lectures 26-27)

3. Time Series and Exponential Smoothing
Module 6
Correlation
( Lecture 28-29)
Line Fitting
( Lectures 30-31)
Time Series and Exponential Smoothing
( Lectures 32-33)

4. Module 7 Factorials Permutations and Combinations ( Lecture 34)
Elementary Probability
( Lectures 35-36)
Chi-Square
( Lectures 37)
Binomial Distribution
( Lectures 38)

5. Module 8
 Patterns of probability: Binomial, Poisson and Normal Distributions
( Lecture 39-41)
 Estimating from Samples: Inference
( Lectures 42-43)
 Hypothesis testing : Chi-Square Distribution
( Lectures 44-45)
  End-Term Examination

6. LECTURE 23
Statistical Data
Representation

7. STATISTICAL DATA
Information is collected by government departments, market researchers,
opinion pollsters and others
Information then has to be organised and presented in a way
that is easy to understand

8. BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION
1. Qualitative
Attributes: sex, religion
2. Quantitative
Characteristics: Heights, weights, incomes etc.
3. Geographical
Geographical regions: Provinces, divisions etc.
4. Chronological or Temporal
By time of occurence: Time series

9. TYPES OF CLASSIFICATION
One-way
One characteristic: Population
Two-way
Two characteristics at a time
Three-way
Three characteristics at a time

10. METHODS OF PRESENTATION
Text
”The majority of population of Punjab is
located in rural areas.”
Semitabular
Data in rows
Tabular
Tables with rows and columns
Graphic
Charts and graphs

11. TYPES OF GRAPHS Column Graphs Line Graphs
Circle Graphs (Sector Graphs)
Conversion Graphs
Travel Graphs
Statistical Graphs
Frequency Tables
Histograms
Frequency distributionds
Cumulative Distributions

12. Commulated Distributions
Cars passing school gate during the day

13. Distribution of employment injuries by occupation
SECTOR GRAPHS
Distribution of employment injuries by occupation

14. Proportion of households by size
COLUMN AND BAR GRAPHS
Proportion of households by size

15. A student’s height with age
LINE GRAPHS
A student’s height with age

16. BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
&
STATISTICS