1. HYDROCARBON NOTES

2. What is a hydrocarbon? = an organic compound
made of only hydrogen and carbon.
3 Types of hydrocarbon
1) saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes)
2) Cycloalkanes = alkanes with carbon rings
3) Unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes)

3. 1) Saturated Hydrocarbons
Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes)
have no double bonds
they are full of H
their formulas are CnH2n+2
Saturated hydrocarbons are the basis of petroleum products

4. USES OF ALKANES ALKANE USE METHANE ETHANE PROPANE BUTANE PENTANE
Gaseous in form, used in gas jets in lab
Gaseous in form, not used
Easily liquefied, used in tanks to power grills
Easily liquefied, used as lighter fluid
clear liquid at room temperature, commonly used in chemistry and industry as a powerful solvent of waxes and organic compounds

5. USES OF ALKANES ALKANE USE HEXANE HEPTANE OCTANE NONANE DECANE
Used as a solvent, and in gasoline
Used as a solvent, in crude oil
A main component of gasoline
Used in crude oil
Used in crude oil

6. 2) Cycloalkanes
Hydrocarbons that contain rings of carbon

7. 3) Unsaturated hydrocarbons
Called Alkenes
Have double or triple bonds between Carbons
Not completely full of hydrogens all around
unsaturated saturated

8. Isomers
= Hydrocarbons with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

9. Polymers = (macromolecules)
large molecules made of many small molecules
Those small molecules are called Monomers
Natural polymers like shellac, amber, and natural rubber have been used for centuries.
cellulose, which is the main constituent of wood and paper.
synthetic polymers include synthetic rubber,, neoprene, nylon, PVC, polypropylene, silicone, and many more

10. FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
= specific groups of atoms that have special properties .
If a functional group is attached to a molecule...
the molecule gains the properties of that functional group

11. How do you recognize a functional group?

12. How do you recognize a functional group?