1. US 2
Chapter 18: An Emerging World Power Section 1: The Roots of Imperialism

2. Causes of Imperialism
European powers and Japan had been acquiring overseas territory since the mid 1800’s
The reason for expansion was often resources from these smaller colonies such as iron, rubber and petroleum(oil)
By the late 1800’s the US economy was booming and many in the US urged the government to expand and become a world power
Alfred Mahan, a US Navy official made the argument that as the Navy grew it would need foreign bases to fuel and supply its ships

3. Commercial/Business interests

4. Closing the American Frontier

5. Social Darwinism
Darwin’s theory “survival of the fittest” was intended to explain animal behavior
Social Darwinist applied the theory to society and argued that it justified imperialism
Some went further and believed it was the will of God that “civilized” societies take over “uncivilized” land and teach the natives how to live

7. Social Darwinist Thinking
The White Man’s Burden
The Hierarchy of Race

8. Hawaii:
"Crossroads
of the
Pacific"

9. U. S. Missionaries in Hawaii
Imiola Church – first built in the late 1820s

10. U. S. View of Hawaiians
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in by virtue of economic treaties.

11. Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii for the Hawaiians!

12. U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii
1875 – Reciprocity Treaty
1890 – McKinley Tariff
1893 – American businessmen backed an uprising against Queen Liliuokalani.
Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims the Republic of Hawaii in 1894.

13. To The Victor Belongs the Spoils
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898

14. US Imperialism: Page
How did Matthew Perry convince the Japanese Emperor to open trade with the US?
When did the US acquire Midway Islands?
What major naval base did the US acquire in Hawaii?
What were some of the names used to mock Seward’s purchase of Alaska?
Did the purchase of Alaska benefit the US? Why or why not?

15. Japan

16. US Acquires Hawaii
The US had been involved in Hawaii going back to late 1700’s and early 1800’s in form of missionaries
In 1887 the US forced the King to change the constitution giving greater voting rights to white landowners
When the King died his sister Queen Liliuokalani fought back and abolished that agreement angering US interest

17. US acquires Hawaii
Led by John Stevens, a US Minister to Hawaii and Sanford Dole, a wealthy planter, US Marines removed the Queen from power
President Harrison and President Cleveland both declined to annex Hawaii
President McKinley favored annexation and following the outbreak of the Spanish American War, Hawaii was officially annexed

18. US acquires Hawaii
Led by John Stevens, a US Minister to Hawaii and Sanford Dole, a wealthy planter, US Marines removed the Queen from power
President Harrison and President Cleveland both declined to annex Hawaii
President McKinley favored annexation and following the outbreak of the Spanish American War, Hawaii was officially annexed

19. Japan

20. Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853
The Japanese View of Commodore Perry

21. Treaty of Kanagawa: 1854

22. Gentleman’s Agreement: 1908
A Japanese note agreeing to deny passports to laborers entering the U.S.
Japan recognized the U.S. right to exclude Japanese immigrants holding passports issued by other countries.
The U.S. government got the school board of San Francisco to rescind their order to segregate Asians in separate schools.
1908  Root-Takahira Agreement.

23. Root-Takahira Agreement: 1908
A pledge to maintain the status quo in the Far East.
Recognition of China’s independence and territorial integrity, and support for continuation of the Open-Door Policy.
An agreement to mutual consultation in the event of future Far Eastern crises.

24. Alaska

25. “Seward’s Folly”: 1867
$7.2 million

26. “Seward’s Icebox”: 1867