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Unit 4: Oscillatory Motion and Mechanical Waves
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Terms: Oscillation: a repetitive back and forth motion
Cycle: one complete oscillation Period (T): time for one complete oscillation Frequency ( f ): number of oscillations per second.
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Simple Harmonic Motion
Repetitive back and forth motion Hooke’s Law Force varies directly with displacement Equilibrium position: spring is neither compressed or expanded. Spring Constant (k): spring stiffness (N/m) Slope of a F vs. x graph is the spring constant
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Restoring Force: Force that moves the object back to its equilibrium position. Always acts in a direction opposite to the displacement When representing the restoring force:
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Horizontal SHM Amplitude: maximum displacement.
At max displacement, the restoring force is at maximum When the mass is let go, the mass will accelerate towards the equilibrium position. ( F = ma) As the mass moves through the equilibrium position, it will slow down.
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Vertical SHM Mass will come to rest when Fg is equal to the upward pull of the spring (at equilibrium)
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Example: An spring has a spring constant of 40.0 N/m. This spring is pulled with a force of 85.0 N to the left. What is the extension?
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Example: A 675 g mass is hung vertically from a spring. If the spring has a constant of 15.0 N/m, how far was the spring stretched?
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Homework: Page 347 #7, 9-12 Page 352 #1-2 Page 354 #1-2 Page 357 #1-2
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