1. Network Wiring and Reference
CIS 375
Network Wiring and Reference

2. Network Wiring
Standard Network Wiring Convention – Patch Cable (Cat5/Cat5e)

3. Network Wiring (continued)
Crossover Cable Wiring (Used to connect 2 computers directly)

4. Network Wiring (continued)
RJ-45 Wall socket

5. Network Reference OSI Data Model
OSI Data Model

6. Network Reference (continued)
IP Address Reference
All devices on a local network have a unique IP address, but each address is inherently divided into two parts, a shared network part, and a unique host part, and this information is used by the TCP/IP stack for routing. When sending traffic to a machine with a different network part, it must be sent through a router for final delivery.
The dividing line between the network and host parts is determined by the subnet mask, and it's often seen in   notation. It looks like an IP address, and it uses a "1" bit to select, or "mask" the network part.

7. Network Reference (continued)
IP Address Reference (continued)
*Reserved IP Addresses – ( )
Local/Internal IP Addresses – (Class A – 10.x.x.x)
*What is my IP Address vs IPConfig

8. Network Reference (continued)
IP Address Reference (continued)
Reverse DNS - In computer networks, a reverse DNS lookup or reverse DNS resolution (rDNS) is the querying of the Domain Name System (DNS) to determine the domain name associated with an IP address – the reverse of the usual "forward" DNS lookup of an IP address from a domain name. The process of reverse resolving an IP address uses PTR records. The reverse DNS database of the Internet is rooted in the arpa top-level domain.
Whois - a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block, or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information. 

9. Network Reference (continued)
Port: In the internet protocol suite, a port is an endpoint of communication in an operating system. While the term is also used for female connectors on hardware devices (see computer port), in software it is a logical construct that identifies a specific process or a type of network service.
A port is always associated with an IP address of a host and the protocol type of the communication, and thus completes the destination or origination network address of a communication session. A port is identified for each address and protocol by a 16-bit number, commonly known as the port number. For example, an address may be "protocol: TCP, IP address: , port number: 80", which may be written :80 when the protocol is known from context.
Specific port numbers are often used to identify specific services. Of the thousands of enumerated ports, 1024 well-known port numbers are reserved by convention to identify specific service types on a host. In the client–server model of application architecture, the ports that network clients connect to for service initiation provide a multiplexing service. After initial communication binds to the well-known port number, this port is freed by switching each instance of service requests to a dedicated, connection-specific port number, so that additional clients can be serviced. The protocols that primarily use ports are the transport layer protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

10. Network Reference (continued)
Common TCP/UDP Ports
Port
Service name
Transport protocol
 20, 21
 File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
 TCP
 22
 Secure Shell (SSH)
 TCP and UDP
 23
 Telnet
 25
 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
 50, 51
 IPSec
 53
 Domain Name Server (DNS)
 67, 68
 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
 UDP
 69
 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
 80
 HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
 110
 Post Office Protocol (POP3)
 119
 Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP)
 123
 Network Time Protocol (NTP)  
 NetBIOS
 143
 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP4)
 161, 162
 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
 389
 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
 443
 HTTP with Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
Full list of *common port assignments:

11. Additional Resources/Review
Additional Wiring Diagrams and Graphics
Port Assignments and Reference (Certification)
Understanding IP Addresses
Additional Network Tools & Resources
Parrot Linux -