1. Presentation 7:
FASTENER SIZES

2. Fasteners Nails and screws come in a variety of sizes and styles.
Each sold by length, gauge, and coatings.
Nails also sold by the penny system.

3. Penny System
A system where 100 nails of a certain length were sold for a particular price.
Sizes indicated by a number followed by the letter d.
e.g., inch-long nails sold for 6 pennies
Therefore, 2-inch nails were called sixpenny nails
They are referred to as 6d nails
The d is believed to come from the word denarius, a coin used in ancient Rome.

4. Nail Sizes
Typical nail sizes found on a job site include 4d, 6d, 8d, 10d, 12d, and 16d.
Also available are 20d, 30d, 40d, and 60d.
Nail lengths and their penny sizes must be memorized.

5. Nail Sizes 4d 6d 8d
10d
12d
16d 1″ 2″ 3″ 4″
1 ½ 2
2 ½ 3
3 ¼ 3½

6. Fourpenny
4d nails are typically used only for finish work installing trim.

7. Sixpenny 6d
6d nails used for ½″ plywood

8. Eightpenny 8d
8d nails used for ¾″ plywood

9. Ten-, Twelve-, & Sixteen-Penny
10d
12d
16d
2x10
10d, 12d, and 16d nails used in framing.
May be driven at an angle to prevent protrusions.

10. Large Nails 20d 4 30d 4½ 40d 5 50d 5½ 60d 6 4d 6d 8d 10d 12d 16d 1″ 2″3″ 4″ 4d 6d 8d
10d
12d
16d 5″ 6″
20d 4
30d 4½
40d 5
50d 5½
60d 6

11. Screws Sold by length, gauge (diameter), and head style.
Also the material they are made from.
e.g., stainless steel or brass
Manufactured with coatings to protect from corrosion.
e.g., galvanized & epoxy coated

12. Screws Gauge is a number used to represent diameter.
e.g., 8 ga & 14 ga
Diameter increases with gauge

13. Screws Various heads require different drivers.
e.g., Phillips & square drive.
Others include:

14. Conclusions Penny system describes nail sizes.
A 10d nail is ____ inches long.
The materials being fastened determine the size of nail used.
¾″ plywood requires a(n) ____ nail. 3 8d

15. Conclusion ? 6d
12d 8d
16d 4d
10d 8d
12d 1″ 2″ 3″ 4″