1. The Effect of a School Wide Positive Behavior Support Program on Teacher Morale
William A. Royal
Samuel J. Smith
NCPEA Conference
Washington, D.C. 2010

2. Research Question
What are the affects of SWPBS on teacher morale in a rural Title 1 Middle School?

3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: Social Learning Theory
Beliefs
Feelings
Expectations
MORALE
Relationships
Social cognitive theories align morale with beliefs, expectations, and feelings about relationships within a group (Jackson, 2002).
Albert Bandura (1977, 1997)

4. Factors Contributing to High Morale
High Teacher Morale Correlates With…
Factors Contributing to High Morale
Results of High Morale
Teacher self-efficacy
Rapport with and respect for leadership
Collaboration with administration
Confidence in equipment
Fair distribution of workload
Student achievement
Teacher punctuality
Engagement in school improvement
Openness to organizational change
Participation in school functions
Longevity

5. Low Teacher Morale Correlates With…
Stress
Low productivity
Burnout
Increased sick leave
Detachment from students
Dehumanized perception of students

6. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
Self-Regulation
Self-Efficacy
Imitation
SWPBS
Modeling
Reinforcement
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
Social Learning Theory

7. Elements of SWPBS Outcomes: measurable Data: data-driven decisions
Practices: research-based interventions
Systems: to insure fidelity

9. Other Studies of SWPBS Programs
Teacher stress
Student achievement
On-task behavior
Behavior trends

10. METHOD: Participating Schools
MS-1: Treatment
MS-2: Control
Enrollment
511
498
Free or Reduced Lunch
77%
74%
Disabilities
15%
16%
English Language Learners 1%
Ethnicity
95% White
5% Other

11. INSTRUMENT: Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire
Factors influencing morale:
Rapport with Principal
Satisfaction with Teaching
Salary
Teaching Load
Curriculum Issues
Status
Community Support
Facilities and Services
Community Pressures

12. Statistical results Factors T result Df P=value Mean of x Rapport
6.5214 18
1.972e-06
Satisfaction
0.3109 19
0.3796
0.0305
Salary
0.0823 6
0.4685
Curriculum
1.421 4
0.1142
0.33
Status
0.3763 7
0.3589
0.3375
Community
5.7499
0.18
Facilities
7.0106
0.374

13. Sample Box Plot

14. Implications
Educational Leaders must address the nine factors within the Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire in order to attract and retain faculty.
SWPBS program offers a system through which to address these factors.

15. or email request to sjsmith3@liberty.edu
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