1. Rumen bacteria population in Nellore steers
fed with crude glycerin and soybean
oil association
Laís O. Lima1, Yury T. Granja-Salcedo1, Juliana D. Messana1, Vinícius C. Souza1, Ana L. Dias1, Telma T. Berchielli1
1Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal/SP
* Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane , km 5. CEP: Jaboticabal, SP – Brazil
Introduction
Results
Lipid supplementation could cause negative effects on the dry matter intake (DMI) and diet digestibility when the ether extract (EE) content exceeds 70 g/kg. However, crude glycerin (CG) could partially inhibit ruminal lipolysis and modulate the release of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) in the rumen, and could thereby reduce the deleterious effects of UFA on DMI and diet digestibility. Thus, the objective of this study was evaluated the intake and digestibility in Nellore steers fed with CG and high soybean oil (SO) content (> 80 g EE/kg DM).
Steers fed with oil and glycerin presented similar DM and CP intake than steers fed with a no oil and no glycerin diet (p = 0.216; Fig 2). Diets with oil addition reduced the NDF intake (4.81 vs 4.20 kg of NDF/d;) p = 0.049) but increased the EE intake (0.91 vs 0.35 kg of EE/d; p < 0.001). The highest NFC intake was presented by animals fed with a no oil and no glycerin diet (p <0.05; Fig 2) and the no oil and glycerin diet generated the lowest GE intake (4.09 vs 4.24 Kcal/Kg DM; p < 0.001). There was an interaction effect of SO and CG on DM and NDF digestibility (Fig 2). EE digestibility was lowest for the diet with no oil and no glycerin when compared with diets contained soybean oil (83.23 vs %; p = 0.001). Steers fed with diets containing soybean oil showed higher CP digestibility (78.68 vs 74.61%; p <0.001).
Material and Methods B A A b c a ab
Figure 1. A. Animal and facilities used. B. Total feces collection procedures.
Eight Nellore steers (501.3±18 kg BW), castrated were used in a double, simultaneous, Latin square design 4 × 4 with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (with or without SO and with or without CG). The experiment consisted of four consecutive periods of 20 days each (15 d adaptation). The diet was offered as a total mixed ration two times a day at 07:00 h and 17:00 h. Analyses of variance were performed using R Software. Tukey’s post-hoc test was applied when ANOVA indicated a significant difference between means, considering significance when P≤ 0.05. B ab b a
Figure 2. Intake (A) and total apparent digestibility (B) of DM and NDF in feedlot Nellore steers fed with diets containing or not soybean oil (SO) with or without Crude Glycerine (CG)..
Table 1. Ingredients and bromatological composition of experimental diets.
Conclusions
Ingredients, % of DM
Diets
SO and CG
SO and no CG
No SO and CG
No SO and no CG
Tifton 85 hay
300.0
Ground Corn
362.0
485.0
434.0
560.0
Soybean meal
168.0
145.0
156.0
130.0
Urea
10.0
Soybean oil
60.0 -
Crude glycerine
100.0
Bromatological composition
Dry matter (g/kg)
858.3
896.4
849.5
839.9
Crude protein (g/kg DM)
153.7
152.4
153.5
151.2
Neutral-detergent fiber (g/kg DM)
404.6
430.5
420.1
446.0
Gross energy (MJ/kg DM)
17.3
17.00
17.6
Ether extract (g/kg DM)
86.4
89.2
30.0
33.0
Crude glycerin associated with soybean oil could be used as an energy source in cattle diets without affecting dietary intake and digestibility, even when high lipid content is added to the diet.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) for providing financial support through grant # 2014/ , 2015/ and 2013/ .