1. Parenthetical Documentation
Using sources as support
Nov

2. Types of sources
Personal interviews, Magazine articles, Newspaper articles, Books, factual TV shows and Movies, Internet
Try to use at least two of these in your paper
Be sure you evaluate the source to make sure it is credible (as discussed on Nov 4)

3. Avoid Plagiarism Give credit whenever you use:
-Another person’s idea, opinion
-Any piece of information that is not common knowledge (if it is a fact that can be found numerous places and is known by a lot of people, it is common knowledge. For example-Obama is the president of the United States.)
-Another person’s actual or paraphrased spoken or written words

4. To Paraphrase Read the text
Be sure you know how to define difficult words and put them in your own words
Rewrite the sentence to your own style but keep the meaning

5. Example of NOT paraphrasing
Original
“In 1984, Congress passed the National Organ Transplant Act, which prohibited the sale of human organs and called for a national network to facilitate organ recovery and placement. The act created the OPTN and assigned it the task of developing equitable organ distribution policies.”
Not paraphrasing
Congress prohibited the sale of human organs in 1984 by calling for a national network to facilitate organ recovery. OPTN was created and assigned to develop equitable organ distribution.
HINT: Simply moving words around or taking out words does not make it paraphrasing

6. Example of paraphrasing
Original
“In 1984, Congress passes the National Organ Transplant Act, which prohibited the sale of human organs and called for a national network to facilitate organ recovery and placement. The act created the OPTN and assigned it the task of developing equitable organ distribution policies.”
READ IT
DEFINE WORDS: Prohibited-Forbidden, banned; Facilitate-make easier; Equitable-fair
WRITE IT AS YOUR OWN
Paraphrased
Before 1984, there was not a policy that assigned where organs that had been removed would be placed; however, Congress then passed an act (the National Organ Transplant Act) that stated the selling of human organs was not allowed unless there were fair policies put into place by a national network called the OPTN (“Talking About Transplantation” 6).

7. Quotations
Use a direct quotation when you could not say it better yourself
HINTS
-Use quotation marks around any words taken from the text
-Use them sparingly; your thoughts and words (as paraphrases)should be used more

8. Documentation Author page Author-no page If no author or page
Jones, James. Making a New Science. New York. Penguin Books, 2009.
Science is great (Jones 42). “Science is great” (Jones 42).
Author-no page
Stolley, Karl. “MLS Formatting.” The OWL at Purdue. 10 May Purdue University Writing
Lab. 12 May 2012 <
Writing is great (Stolley). “Writing is great” (Stolley).
If no author or page
The Purdue OWL. 26 Aug The Writing Lab and OWL. 23 Aug <
purdue.edu>.
Writing is great (The Purdue Owl). “Writing is great” (The Purdue Owl).
If no author, title page
“New Health Center.” Washington Post 24 May 2012: 3.
This building is beautiful (“New Health Center” 3).
“This building is beautiful” (“New Health Center” 3).

9. Tips
Whatever appears first in your citation should be the first that appears in your documentation
If it is a source that has pages, use numbers. If it does not include pages, do not use a number.
In the documentation there is no punctuation; all punctuation happens outside of the parenthesis
Wilfahrt, Becky. Personal Interview. 13 Nov
Mrs. Wilfahrt loves her job with MNVA (Wilfahrt).
Mrs. Wilfahrt joyously exclaimed, “I could not ask for a better place to work!” (Wilfahrt)

10. You try-you will type it into chat and hit “Enter” when I tell you.
Source-Book
Miller, Jennifer. The Joy of Singing. New York: Signet Books, 2012.
Use it as a quotation that you found on page number 7
“Singing is great for your voice.”

11. Let’s try the same thing again
Source-Internet
Music. 11 Nov Luther College. 13 Sept <
Let’s use it as an example of paraphrasing
If the direct quotation is: “He who sings scares away his woes.”
What would the paraphrase be?