1. How is horticulture a science, a technology, and an industry?

2. What is agriculture?
The production of plants and animals to meet basic human needs (food, clothing, shelter).
Includes three important areas:
Horticulture
Agronomy
Forestry

3. What is horticulture?
Culture of plants for food, comfort, and beauty

4. What is agronomy?
Production of traditional crops, such as grain and fiber.

5. What is forestry?
Production of trees for timber

6. Where does the word horticulture come from?
Latin derivative
Hortus
(garden)
Colere
(cultivate) =
Horticulture +

7. What is the horticulture industry?
All activities that support meeting the needs of consumers of horticulture products
Supply and service to growers
Production of crops
Processing crops
Marketing
Distribution

8. How is horticulture a science?
Botany
The study of plants including the life cycle, structure, growth, and classification
Combines plant science, soil science, & biotechnology

9. What is horticulture technology?
Applies science to horticulture production
Tools used to control and manage plant’s environment
Cultural practices to impact visual, functional, and productive qualities of plants

10. What are the two major areas of horticulture?
Ornamental Horticulture- growing and using plants for their beauty inside and outside our homes.
Food Crop Production- growing crops for use as food.

11. What are the 3 major areas of ornamental horticulture?
Floriculture
Landscape horticulture
Interiorscaping

12. What is floriculture?
Production, transportation, and use of flower and foliage plants
Growing flowers for floral designs
Growing potted plants to sell
Growing bedding plants for transplanting into gardens

13. What is landscape horticulture?
Producing and using plants to make our outdoor environment more appealing
Nursery: place where plants, shrubs, and trees are started for transplanting
Landscape operators: design planting plans, install material, and maintain plants
Lawn and turf maintenance: planting, fertilizing, and mowing turfgrasses
Golf course management: maintain all the grass areas of the golf course

14. What is interiorscaping?
Use of foliage plants, grown and sold for their beautiful colored leaves and stems, to create pleasing and comfortable areas inside buildings

15. What is Food Crop Production?
Growing crops for food
Olericulture- growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing vegetables
Examples
Pomology- growing, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruits and nuts

16. How did horticulture evolve?
European influence on horticulture
Early U.S. horticulture

17. European Influence on Horticulture
Theophrastus ( B.C.)
Greek horticulturist
Speculated that roots absorb nutrients for plants
Observed the differences between the leaves of germinating seeds of wheat and beans
Described how root pruning encouraged the flowering and fruiting of plants

18. European Influence on Horticulture
Romans
Used legumes to improve poor soil
Used manure to improve production
Used cultivation for weed control

19. European Influence on Horticulture
Varro ( B.C.)
Roman horticulturist
Developed techniques of post-harvest storage

20. European Influence on Horticulture
Dioscorides
Greek herbalist
Wrote De Materia Medica that served as the authority for 1,500 years
Identified plants that had medicinal properties

21. European Influence on Horticulture
Carolus Linnaeus ( )
Swedish botanist and physician
Developed method for classifying plants through binomial nomenclature

22. European Influence on Horticulture
Charles Darwin ( )
English naturalist
Presented scientifically sound explanation of evolution
Wrote The Power of Movement in Plants which described phototropism and geotropism

23. European Influence on Horticulture
Gregor Mendel ( )
Austrian monk
Laid the foundation for the science of botany and genetics

24. Early U.S. Horticulture Prince Nursery
First commercial nursery founded during early 1730s
Grew rapidly until the American Revolution
Published a catalog in 1794 which contained an extensive list of cultivars
Major supplier of the Lombardy poplar after its introduction in 1784

26. Early U.S. Horticulture Andrew J. Downing (1815-1852)
First great American landscape gardener
Frederick Law Olmstead ( )
Father of landscape architecture
Primary landscape architect for Central Park in N.Y.

27. Early U.S. Horticulture Liberty Bailey (1858-1954)
Writings serve as the standard authority on plant nomenclature, taxonomy, pruning, etc.
Wrote Manual of Cultivated Plants, Hortus Second, and How Plants Get Their Names

28. Why is horticulture so popular?
Increased awareness and job market in horticulture
Food and crop production
Technology advancements and jobs
Professional interest in horticulture as a career
Diploma, associates degrees, bachelors, masters, and P.H.D.s in horticulture