1. Cold War Take Home Notes
ARCHER

2. Cold War Begins Define each term (pg 334-337) Superpower Cold War
Satellite states
containment

3. Germany is Divided
After WWII the majority of Western Europe was ruled/influenced by Democratic governments
Eastern Europe was ruled by totalitarian communist government (USSR)
Stalin promised to have elections
He broke that promise
Germany was split into 4 zones
One for each

4. Germany ended up becoming 2 countries
West Germany: Federal Republic of Germany
Democratic
East Germany: German Democratic Republic
Communist
Berlin, the capital, was also split into East and West

5. 7-5.2 Organizations of the Cold War
Two Truths and a Lie (pg 337)
One partner reads ‘The United Nations’
Other partner reads ‘What was Containment’
Read your section and write three statements. Two that are true and one that is false
Trade with partner, scan through their section and label their facts as truth or lie

6. We also wanted to help the west rebuild and become strong
After WWII Soviet Union wanted to spread communism the US wanted to spread democracy
Truman made a plan for the containment of communism in the east by giving countries money
Truman Doctrine gave $400 million to Eastern Europe
We also wanted to help the west rebuild and become strong
Marshall Plan gave $12.5 billion dollars to Western Europe

7. The UN did help resolve conflicts in dividing Germany and Korea
United Nations
League of Nations failed, the UN was the new organization to prevent war
UN does have a military
US did join the UN
The UN did help resolve conflicts in dividing Germany and Korea

8. Threat of a ‘hot’ war was scary. Each side made alliances to feel safe
NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Democratic Countries (US, Canada, Western Europe)
Warsaw Pact-
Communist countries (Soviet Union, East Germany and Eastern Europe)

9. 7-5.3 Spread of Communism
Soviet Union had ‘satellite’ countries in Eastern Europe that had communism.
Next to USSR and under Stalin’s influence -->Communist Bloc
US feared the ‘domino theory’
one country fell to communism then others would follow

10. Where Did Communism Spread?
Asia
China had civil war (Communists vs Nationalists)
Communist leader Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-Tung) won
Korea was split into two parts
North = Communist, South = democratic
Vietnam wanted freedom from France, USSR and US both offered them support
Communists and Democratic leaders fight

11. Africa
USSR gave help to countries trying to get independence if they would be Communist
US gave aid to convince them to be democratic

12. Latin America
Cuba became Communist since Stalin helped them get control of their government from the US
US and USSR helped groups trying to change their governments (El Salvador and Nicaragua)

13. The Iron Curtain: an invisible political line that divided Europe.
West: Democratic
East: Communist
Eastern Europe became poor while the West prospered

14. North Korea invaded South to unite the country.
Korean War : After WWII Korea was divided at the 38th parallel.
North= Communist
South =Democratic
North Korea invaded South to unite the country.
US (Truman) helped South, USSR &China helped North
War ended in a stalemate and Korea is still divided

15. After WWII Ho Chi Minh led a communist revolt against France and won
Vietnam War
After WWII Ho Chi Minh led a communist revolt against France and won
Vietnam was split at the 17th parallel
North= Communist, Ho Chi Minh
South= Non-Communist, Ngo Dinh Diem
Ho Chi Minh invaded the South to unite the country
The US (Johnson) helped South Vietnam by fighting North Vietnam and the Vietcong (southern communists)
Diem’s govt was corrupt and couldn’t win. US left and communists took over in 1975

16. Cuban Missile Crisis 1962: Castro allied Cuba with USSR
US spy planes took pictures of Soviet missiles.
Kennedy was afraid that the Soviets were planning an attack, he put a naval blockade around the island
For 2 weeks the world feared nuclear attack
Compromise was reached!!
USSR removed missiles from Cuba
US removed missiles from Turkey

17. Cold War Compass
communist
democratic
communist
democratic

18. Space & Arms Race:
Both created Hydrogen Bombs
Soviets launched first satellite in 1957
The US created NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and sent their own satellite
US landed on the moon in 1969
Space and arms race continued until 1989

19. Resistance
Eastern Europe began to rebel against communism in the late 1980s.
Why did people rebel?
Wanted political rights
Poor economy/low standard of living
Saw people in Western Europe with political freedom and good economies

20. Who Rebelled?
Poland: labor union did strikes and sit-ins. Had an election for a president in 1989
Hungary: citizens began fleeing to the west after cutting a hole in a fence
East Germany: Berlin Wall was torn down in November Germany was soon united

21. Pg 404-405 Describe each of the following policies Star Wars
Expensive military program to destroy incoming missiles
Perestroika
Economic restructuring that allowed private ownership of businesses
Glasnost
Openness that allowed greater individual rights
Demokratizatsiya
Creating a government elected by the people

22. 7-6.1 Collapse of Soviet Union
Reagan (US) and Gorbachev (USSR) took steps towards ending the Cold War
SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative)
Reduce nuclear weapons
Boris Yeltsin was elected president of Russian Federation, June 1991
Gorbachev kept power of the Soviet Union until 15 republics declared their independence

23. Gorbachev resigned December 1991, Soviet Union officially ended
Yeltsin started ‘shock therapy’
An immediate change to capitalism
Led to inflation and hardship

24. Yugoslavia  split into 6 Czechoslovakia split into 2
Countries once in the USSR got freedom and many split apart into new nations
Yugoslavia  split into 6
Serbia, Crotia, Slovenia, Bosnia, Macedonia, & Montenegro
Czechoslovakia split into 2
Czech Republic and Slovakia
Many new countries struggled with creating new governments and dealing with ethnic nationalism

25. European Union (EU): formed from European Economic Community in 1993
Strengthen democratic countries of Europe
Single monetary unit, the Euro
Former communist countries joined
North American Free Trade Association (NAFTA)
Free trade between Canada, Mexico and US