1. CHAPTER 2
The Young Republic

2. Section 1
The New Republic

3. The Early Years of the Republic
THE SUMMER OF Congress and President Washington create the DEPARTMENT OF STATE, the DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY, and the DEPARTMENT OF WAR.
They also created the OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
Congress also created the JUDICIAL BRANCH and established the SUPREME COURT

4. The Bill of Rights
It was the FEDERALISTS who had promised to add amendments to the Constitution that would detail RIGHTS OF AMERICAN CITIZENS
SEPTEMBER 1789 – Congress agrees on 12 AMENDMENTS, the first 10 are ratified and referred to as THE BILL OF RIGHTS
The first 8 amendments PROTECT THE RIGHTS of individuals

5. Tackling Financial Troubles
The new federal government inherited HUGE DEBT from the CONTINENTAL CONGRESS
ALEXANDER HAMILTON proposed the creation of a NATIONAL BANK to manage the country’s finances
AUGUST 1794 – President Washington sends soldiers to stop the WHISKEY REBELLION

6. The Rise of Political Parties
TENSIONS INTENSIFIED over Hamilton’s FINANCIAL PROGRAM
FEDERALISTS – Congress faction that SUPPORTED HAMILTON and believed country should be led by the RICH AND WELL-BORN
DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS – Congress faction that SUPPORTED JEFFERSON and MADISON and favored the MIDDLE AND LOWER CLASSES to lead the country

7. Tough Times for Adams
JOHN ADAMS succeeds George Washington as the SECOND PRESIDENT of the U.S.
FRANCE AND U.S. WAR over U.S. & GREAT BRITAIN ALLIANCE – Ended in 1800
Federalists pass the ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS in 1798

8. The Election of 1800
ELECTION OF 1800 was a TURNING POINT in U.S. History
THOMAS JEFFERSON elected as THIRD U.S. PRESIDENT
Federalists demonstrate PEACEFUL TRANSFERENCE OF POWER to Republicans
12th AMENDMENT – One ballot for President, One ballot for Vice President

9. Republicans in Power: Jefferson in Office
While in office, Jefferson:
REDUCED FEDERAL DEBT
CUT GOVERNMENT SPENDING
ELIMINATED WHISKEY TAX
TRIMMED ARMED FORCES
CHIEF JUSTICE JOHN MARSHALL served 30 years and built Supreme Court into a POWERFUL, INDEPENDENT BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT

10. Westward Expansion
TREATY OF GREENVILLE (1795) – the U.S. gained the NORTHWEST TERRITORY
KENTUCKY, TENNESSEE, & OHIO (1803) – states added by PRESIDENT WASHINGTON
LOUISIANA TERRITORY purchased from NAPOLEON (1803) for $15 million

11. The War of 1812 JAMES MADISON becomes 4th U.S. PRESIDENT in 1809
BRITISH SHIPS harass U.S. SHIPS at sea
U.S. War of 1812 with GREAT BRITAIN
WHITE HOUSE BURNED
U.S. GREAT LAKES VICTORIES
THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER – BALTIMORE
TREATY OF GHENT (1814) – Prewar boundaries reestablished, INCREASED U.S. PRESTIGE overseas