1. 2.4a Boosting your immunity
This baby will have 9 jabs before she starts school.
Why is it important to get them all?
What do they contain?
To stop her being infected
with dangerous diseases
vaccines
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2. 2.4a Getting a jab
Paul’s sore throat isn’t too serious but many diseases can kill. Vaccines exist for most of the serious diseases you are likely to catch in the UK. They each give you immunity to one disease.
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3. 2.4a Getting a jab
Vaccines contain tiny parts of microbes. They don’t make you ill, but your body makes antibodies to fight them.
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4. 2.4a Getting a jab
Vaccines prepare your immune system to make the right antibodies.
Antibodies are made more quickly when real microbes invade – so they can’t make you ill.
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5. 2.4a Flu
If you have a flu jab you will never get the flu.
You have to have a new flu jab every year.
Flu jabs don’t always stop you getting the flu.
What do you think?
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6. 2.4a Flu
It looks like one vaccine but each flu jab is 3 in 1 and the 3 change every year. There are hundreds of flu viruses so experts pick which 3 are likely to arrive here each year. They usually get it right!
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7. 2.4a Costs and benefits
Smallpox used to kill more people than any other disease, mass vaccination got rid of it.
Ali was the last victim. He didn’t like needles, so he pretended he’d already had the jab. He is lucky to be alive.
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8. 2.4a Costs and benefits
We should immunise everyone against everything. Then we’ll wipe out every disease just like we did with smallpox.
That will cost billions and it’s a waste. The chances of getting some diseases are very low. We should just immunise those at risk. The money could be used for other things.
Study the vaccine data cards. Which would you give to everyone?
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9. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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10. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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11. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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12. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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13. HPV infected cervix cells
2.4a Costs and benefits
HPV
Some types cause cancer of the cervix.
Normal cervix cells
HPV infected cervix cells
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14. Protects against TB which damages lungs
2.4a Costs and benefits
BCG
Protects against TB which damages lungs
The white arrows on this x-ray show where TB bacteria have damaged these lungs
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15. 2.4a Costs and benefits MMR
Provides immunity to measles, mumps and rubella.
mumps
measles
rubella
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16. 2.4a Costs and benefits Hepatitis B
The virus causes liver damage like this and can be fatal.
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17. 2.4a Costs and benefits NHS decisions
HPV - to be given to every 12 year-old.
BCG - discontinued
MMR - publicity campaign to convince more people to have it.
Hepatitis B - given to all health care staff and any prisoners and drug users who request it. Those taking holidays in high risk areas have to pay for the vaccine.
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18. 2.4a Costs and benefits Do I have to?
If 95% of children can be immunised a disease can’t spread.
French students must have their jabs before starting school.
In the UK it is voluntary and many children aren’t vaccinated.
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19. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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20. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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21. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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22. Q5. How was the small pox virus
2.4a Costs and benefits
Q5. How was the small pox virus
wiped out ?
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23. 6. Why are girls vaccinated against HPV now?
2.4a Costs and benefits
6. Why are girls vaccinated against HPV now?
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24. 2.4a Costs and benefits Count the ‘pills’ where there is no
outer killing off of the bacteria!
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25. 2.4a Costs and benefits
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26. Bacteria become resistant to present day antibiotics.
2.4a Costs and benefits
Flu is a virus and can not
be treated with antibiotics.
Some people do not take
all their medicine!
The stronger bacteria
remaining multiply.
Young children don’t have a strong
immune system to fight off infections.
Immunisation helps
prevent the spread of disease.
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27. 2.4a Costs and benefits 27

28. 2.4a Costs and benefits 28