1. Low latitude mesospheric winds measurements from three meteor radars in Brazil Paulo Batista1, Barclay Clemesha1, Vânia Andrioli1, Ana Roberta Paulino1, Ricardo Buriti2, Nelson Schuch3, Lourivaldo Lima4
1 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil 2 Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil 3 Centro Regional Sul de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil 4 Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

2. Simultaneous Wind, Lidar and Airglow measurements Conclusion
OUTLINE
Introduction
Radar Sites
Research instruments
Regular experiments
Results- Tides, Planetary Waves
Simultaneous Wind, Lidar and Airglow measurements
Conclusion

3. Research instruments Cachoeira Paulista Meteor Radar Cariri
São José dos Campos
Lidar
Digisonde
Imager
Cachoeira Paulista
Meteor Radar
Airglow
São Luis
Coherent Radar
30 MHz Radar
Fortaleza
Cariri
Saanta Maria
Campaigns:
Boa Vista. Campo Grande,
Alcântara, Cachimbo
Boa Vista
Equator
Alcantara
Manaus
São Luis
Fortaleza
Natal
Cachimbo
Cariri
(7 S, 38 W)
Palmas
Campo Grande
Cachoeira Paulista
(22.7 S, 45 W)
São José dos Campos
Santa Maria
(29.7 S, 55 W)

4. Instruments
3 identical SKiYMET Meteor Radar All SKy Interferometer METeor Radar
Wind
Frequency MHz
Peak power kW
Pulse width μs
Pulse rep. frequency Hz
Range resolution km
Angular resolution °
Height range – 100 km
Transmitting antenna
3-element Yagi antenna
• Receiving antennas
5-channel interferometer of 2-element Yagi antennas

5. Cariri
Cachoeira Paulista
Santa Maria

6. Tidal amplitudes at the three locations in 2005

7. Tidal phases at the three locations in 2005

8. Planetary waves studies

9. 6.5–day wave at Cachoeira Paulista
Lima et al., Adv. Space Res., 36, , 2005

10. 16-day wave at Cachoeira Paulista
Lima et al., Advances in Space Research, 38, , 2006

11. QTDW at Cariri and Cachoeira Paulista
Lima et al., Rev. Bras. Geof. vol.25  suppl.2, 2007

12. Lunar Tides
Paulino et al., JASTP pp 31-36, 2012

13. amplitudes and phases for the three stations
Height averaged
amplitudes and phases for the three stations
And comparison with Vial and Forbes’ model

14. SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF WINDS, AIRGLOW AND LIDAR

15. Fechine et al., Ann. Geophys., 27, 1399-1406, 2009

16. Vargas et al., Opt. Pura Apl., 44(1) 107-113, 2011

17. SSW Tides and QTDW
S-transform amplitude spectra for Cariri meridional wind in the 90-km
2004/Dec-2005/Mar (upper panel),
2005/Dec-2006/Mar (middle panel)
2006/Dec-2007/Mar (bottom panel).
Lima et al., JASTP, 78-79, pp99-107, 2112

18. Figure 2: Amplitudes for diurnal tide and quasi-two-day wave for Cariri meridional winds at 90 km height (first panels from top to bottom), NCEP zonally averaged of the temperature in the polar cap - poleward from 60N - (second panels) and of the zonal winds (third panels), and the wave 1-2 amplitude of geopotential height at 60N, in 10 hPa pressure level, for (a) , (b) and (c)
Lima et al., JASTP, 78-79, pp99-107, 2112

19. Lunar Tide Enhancement with SSW
Cariri
Cachoeira Paulista
Santa Maria
Paulino, A. R. et al., /j.jastp , 2012

20. a)December 2005 to February 2006 at Cachoeira Paulista
Mesospheric temperatures derived from meteor radar decay times
Stratospheric temperature at 90°N and 10 hPa .
(b) Zonal wind at 60°N and 10 hPa level.
c)Meridional wind at Cariri,
d)Cachoeira Paulista
e)Santa Maria.
f)Zonal wind at Cariri
g)Cachoeira Paulista
Santa Maria
New and full moons are indicated by filled and open circles, respectively.
a)December 2005 to February 2006 at Cachoeira Paulista
b) Santa Maria Mean temperatures from
c)December 2003 to February 2004 at Cachoeira Paulista
d) December 2006 to February 2007 at Santa Maria
Paulino, A. R. et al., /j.jastp , 2012

21. CACHOEIRA PAULISTA
Monthly averaged nocturnal variances for Nov and Dec.
<u´u´> and <v´v´> (left) compared with the mean winds (right)

22. Annual variation of the Monthly averaged variances <u´u´> and <v´v´> for Cariri, Cachoeira Paulista and Santamaria

23. Spectral power( m2 /sec2)
Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <u´u´>
Spectral power( m2 /sec2)
Period (Months)
Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <v´v´>
Spectral power( m2 /sec2)
Period (Months)

24. CONCLUSIONS
Three SkiYmet meteor Radars have been installed in Brazilian equatorial and low latitudes
Regular and international cooperation campaigns have been conducted since 1999
Tides and planetary waves have been configured at the three stations and also the non-linear relations between then
Winds have been used to configure the atmospheric environment for the propagation of gravity waves and mesospheric fronts
Simultaneous measurements of winds, temperature lidar, and imagers have shown the importance of winds and temperature in defining the atmospheric conditions for airglow-based momentum flux calculation
The effects of SSW’s in northern polar regions are present in Solar and Lunar Tides, Planetary waves and Temperature in low latitude southern mesosphere

25. Thank you