1. Introduction to Enterprise Application Integration Platforms
David S. Linthicum
Chief Technology Officer
SAGA Software, Inc.

2. New Book

3. Defining The Problem

4. The Integration Problem (i.e. Opportunity)
Multiple, disparate applications
Custom
Legacy
Packaged
Multiple platforms
Multiple databases
Multiple transaction processors
Multiple data entry points
Multiple versions of the same data
Incompatible business data

5. The Problem
“70% of all code written today consists of interfaces, protocols and other procedures to establish linkages among various systems”
“30% of entire IT budget is spent on building, maintaining, and supporting application integration”

6. 1998 IT Budget Total = $275 Billion Source: Forrester Research
EAI is Expensive!
$82.5 Billion
Application
Integration Efforts
1998 IT Budget Total = $275 Billion
Source: Forrester Research

7. Factors Contributing To The Problem
Application systems are built at different times by different groups operating independently of each other
Organizations are stuck in a quagmire of incompatible architectures and hard—to—maintain, but harder—to—eliminate legacy applications
Organizations are embracing a “buy before build” strategy that favors purchased application packages over internal development

8. Trends Driving The EAI Problem
Growing adoption of packaged applications
Base of business critical “legacy” systems
Multiple platforms, protocols and technologies
Internet is driving business to business activity 4

9. Enterprise Application Integration Market
(Includes engines for transformation, rules & publish/subscribe & adapters)
$ Millions
This slide is a new version of another chart. This one takes advantage of PowerPoint’s built—in charting features.
43% CAGR (1997—2001)
Source: Gartner Group

10. The Result—“Islands Of Automation”
Data
Warehouse
Sales
Automation
S390
Legacy
System
Heterogeneity
Data Syntax
ERP
Production
Systems
Info Context
Web Applications 5

11. Short Term Goal Of EAI Preserve and leverage existing
information technology systems
Bridge diverse “islands of automation”
Purchase and integrate “best of breed”
offered by independent software vendors

12. Long Term Goal Of EAI Integrate systems by sharing methods
(composite applications)
Provide a change-as-grow go approach
Deep integration and management layers
offered by vendors

13. Disorder Today Application Application Application Application

14. But, what is EAI technology?
Order Tomorrow
Application
Application
Application
EAI
Application
Application
Application
Application
But, what is EAI technology?

15. Message Broker Vendors Say:
Application
Application
Application
Message
Brokers
Application
Application
Application
Application

16. Application Server Vendors Say:
Servers
Application
Application
Application
Application

17. Distributed Object Guys Say:
Application
Application
Application
Distributed
Objects
Application
Application
Application
Application
More on this later...

18. In The Past We Coded Our Way To EAI
Data
Packaged
Applications
Code
Middleware
Legacy Apps

19. Now, We Are Looking To Work Smarter
Components
Data
Packaged
Applications
BUS
Middleware
Legacy Apps

20. The Middleware-Centric Enterprise
Business Event 1
New customer is entered in the Accounting System
ADABAS
DB/2
Business Event 2
All systems need to be updated...
CustID
CustID
CUSTOM CODING
25- 40% of Project Budgets
GartnerGroup
30% of IT Budgets
Forrester
SAP
Financials
Siebel
Customer Service
CustID
CICS
Credit Mgmt
CustID
How does a middleware-centric enterprise move information between independent applications?
BAAN
Distribution System
CustID

21. The Business-Process Centric Enterprise
Business Event 1
New customer is entered in the Accounting System
MESSAGE BROKER
ADABAS
CustID
Transformation
Agent
Adapter
Repository
ENTERPRISE MESSAGING
DB/2
CustID
SAP
Financials
Siebel
Customer Service
CustID
Event-driven
Minimum programming
Pre-built Adapters
Distributed
Multiple Platform
Inherent Management
Built-in Software Distribution
CICS
Credit Mgmt
CustID
BAAN
Distribution System
CustID

22. Example: Supply-Chain Integration
Business Event
New EDI message from the German Supplier
Note
Stock is a combination of BIN and UNIT
Old name is Genset
Stock: 23-ZAQ123
Desc:
Count: 106
Output
Message 1
Update CICS
Transid = GENU
Stock = BIN + Unit
Desc =Generator-II
CICS
Inventory
EDI
Gateway
Input
Message
ZA-Change
Transformation +
Routing
Note
Two changes
Description
Price
BIN: 23
Unit: ZAQ123
Price: $
Note
Price is in US$
Type: ZA-Change
BIN: 23
Unit: ZAQ123
Desc: Generator-II
Price: Marks
Output
Message 2
Update SAP
iDoc = INVCON
BIN = BIN
Unit = Unit
Price = lookup
SAP
Billing
Currency lookup

23. New Order message from the Web
Example: Web Commerce
Business Event
New Order message from the Web
Rule
Create Credit Check
message only
if Amount > 3000
CICS
Credit Check
Application
Server
Input
Message
Order
Transformation +
Content Routing
Type: Order
ID:
Unit: ZAQ123
Amount: MQ
Accounting
Rule
Create MQ
message only if Credit Check = Y

24. Message Broker Architecture
Rules
Node
Manager
Transformation
Service
Routing
User Interface
Service
Enterprise
Messaging
Service
JMS
JDBC
RMI
Validate
Filter
RDBMS (Persistence)
Admin
Console
Workbench
Routing
Agent Service
Repository
Service
Node Service
JNDI
Adapter
Adapter
Adapter
Adapter Development Kit
JDBC
RDBMS
Databases
Middleware
Storage
Service
ADABAS
RDBMS
JDBC
ODBC
etc.
EntireX
Tuxedo
MQ-series
MSMQ,
CICS,
etc.
Applications
SAP, BAAN
Peoplesoft,
Natural, Lawson, etc
JDBC
RDBMS
Logs, etc

25. Why Existing EAI Methods Fall Short
Point to point file transfer
Key issues—security, guaranteed delivery, real time support
Primitive and difficult to manage
Database gateways
Data level integration only
Does not scale
Custom coding
Requires cross platform expertise
Requires application specific expertise
Takes too long! 6

26. E-business and EAI Are Joined At The Hip
Business-to-business
Supply chain integration
Business-to-business web integration
Business-to-consumer
EAI for intra-company trading

27. Making Sense of EAI

28. Macro Approaches to EAI
Coupled - Binding of methods together to form integrated application pairs
Does not scale and limits system types
Invasive
Cohesive - Event-driven integration of both methods and data
Integrates a variety of systems using a variety of design patterns
Noninvasive

29. Types Of EAI Data level Application interface level Method level
User interface level

30. Levels of Enterprise Integration
User Interface-Level
Mainframe
Mainframe
Method-Level
Business
Process
Business
Process
Application Interface-Level
Applications
Applications
Data-Level
Data
Data

31. Transformation Formatting
Data Level EAI
User
Interface
User
Interface
Logic
Logic
Data
Data
EAI
Transformation Formatting

32. Value Of Data Level EAI It’s inexpensive It’s proven
Availability of technology and expertise
It’s fast
Risk adverse

33. Issues With Data Level EAI
Does not solve the ultimate method integration problem, more of a stopgap measure
Does not scale well for OLTP type application integration
Could mask important issues with the enterprise information systems

34. Enabling Technology For Data Level EAI
Middleware
Database-oriented middleware
ODBC (Open Database Connectivity)
JDBC
Database gateways
Message brokers and other MOM (Message Oriented Middleware)
Data warehouse tools and technology
ETL (Extract, Transform and Load)
Database replication features

35. Application Interface Level EAI
Big 3: SAP®, PeopleSoft®, Oracle®
Packaged application interfaces
Back doors are open
Back doors are closed
Integration layers
Data
Objects
Business services

36. Application Interface Level EAI
Business Services
Full
Service
Interface
Objects
Data

37. Other Interfaces Vertical Market Health Care Manufacturing Financial
Others

38. Custom Application Integration
Rolling your own API
Application wrapping
Finding points of integration

39. Application Wrapping
GUI
Process
Process
Process
Object
Data

40. Value Of Application Interface Level EAI
Provides method, as well as data sharing mechanism
Moves information out of systems, once difficult to access
Provides the infrastructure for sharing common business processes
Supports common business problems, such as mergers and acquisitions

41. Issues With Application Interface Level EAI
Interfaces that packaged application vendors provide vary from good to nonexistent
Everyone is claiming tight integration with packaged applications but true packaged application integration difficult to achieve without a lot of customization
The big 3 are slow to open up the doors

42. Enabling Technology Middleware
Message brokers
Database-oriented middleware
Application servers
Distributed objects
Proprietary packaged application utilities
Packaged applications themselves

43. Method Level EAI Process integration to create a composite application
Sharing business logic
Sharing code
Sharing processing
Shared programs
Shared transactions
Shared objects

44. Value Of Method Level EAI
Provides true code reuse infrastructure for many enterprise applications
Availability of technology and expertise
Ultimate EAI solution for many enterprises

45. Issues With Method Level EAI
Much more complex and expensive than the other approaches
Takes a lot of time, architecture, and planning
Enabling technology may not scale to enterprise class applications or fall short in other ways

46. Enabling Technology Application servers TP monitors
Distributed objects
Traditional development tools

47. User Interface Level EAI
EAI of last resort?
Screen scraping
Approaches
Screens as objects
Screens as data

48. Value Of User Interface Level EAI
Does not require changes to source or target systems
Does not require creating a new interface, or any interface
Low risk, low cost
Technology is available and stable

49. Issues With User Interface Level EAI
Performance
Perceptions
Only prolonging the EAI problem in many instances

50. Enabling Technology 3270 emulators Terminal application libraries
Screen to object translators
Message broker and application server adapters

51. Enabling Technologies

52. Types Of Middleware Connection-oriented middleware
Message-oriented middleware
Database-oriented middleware
Transaction-oriented middleware
Object request brokers
Message brokers

53. Message Broker Message Broker Tools Data Transformation
Application
Application
Application
Tools
Data Transformation
Intelligent Routing
Repository
Rules Engine
Message Broker

54. The Solution: A Message Broker
Application A
Application B
Applications are empowered to create messages encapsulating additions/changes/deletions of their business objects
A message broker routes and distributes the messages to the various integrated applications
The broker transforms the data into the appropriate representation for the destination
The broker contains logic to assist in the execution of business process work flow

55. Typical Message Broker Architecture
APPLICATIONS
DATABASES
MIDDLEWARE &
APPLICATION SERVERS
Management
Services
Repository Service
Node Services
Agent Adapter Services
Agent Service
Adapter Component
ADK
Integration Services
Routing Service
Transformation Service
Integration Workbench
Messaging Services
Message
Warehouse Service
Enterprise Messaging Svc
Admin Console

56. Progression Of Enterprise Integration Solutions
Process
Automation
Message Brokering
and Translation
Value
Transport
EI Implementation Order
Source: Dain Rauscher Wesseis

57. Inter-Enterprise Enterprise Integration
Virtual Enterprise
Company A
Company B
EAI
System 1
System 2
System 1
Translate
System 3
System 2
Route
Company C
Company D
Rules
System 1
System 2
System 1
System 3

58. Application Servers and Message Brokers Merge
Share Methods
Share Information
Transaction
Translate
Transaction
Route
Transaction
Rules
Transaction

59. EAI On-The-Move Making systems more valuable Saving money
Freeing the information for the enterprise
“Integration not perspiration"

60. Where To Go For More Information
Books:
Enterprise Application Integration
Enterprise Application Integration Using Java and XML
Essential Client/Server Survival Guide, Second Edition
David Linthicum’s Guide to Client/Server and Intranet Development
Magazines:
Software Development Magazine, Middleware Spectrum, Distributed Computing, Component Strategies, EAI Journal.
Online:

61. Wrap Up!