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Behavioral Views of Learning

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Presentation on theme: "Behavioral Views of Learning"— Presentation transcript:

1 Behavioral Views of Learning
Woolfolk, A. (2006). Educational psychology (11th Ed.). Allyn bacon (Ch.6 p )

2 Objectives What is learning according to behavioral
psychology according to Skinner? From a behavioral perspective how should teaching be carried out? What are your thoughts about Skinner’s behaviorism? Do you agree or not? What are some real life examples of Skinner’s operant conditioning?

3 Basic assumptions of behaviorism
Everything is learned Non-mentality The mechanisms of learning is the same for all creatures including humans.

4 Behavioral Theories of Education
Behaviorism Classical Conditioning/Law of Effect Operant Conditioning Pavlov (1849~1936) Skinner (1904~1990)

5 Early Explanations of Learning: Contiguity and Classical Conditioning
Stimulus  Response Learning of involuntary emotional or physiological responses Humans and Animals can be trained to react involuntarily

6 Classical Conditioning (Pavlov)
스크린 먹이접시 기록계 비이커 Pavlov Learning is the result of the association of an Conditional stimulus to an unconditional stimulus.

7 Classical Conditioning (Pavlov)
X Sound of bell (Neutral Stimulus) Before conditioning Saliva Unconditioned Response (UCR) Food (Unconditioned S) UCS During Sound of bell (Neutral Stimulus) Repetition Saliva Food (Unconditioned S) UCS After Sound of bell (Conditioned Stimulus) CS Conditioned Response(CR) Saliva

8 Operant Conditioning (Skinner)

9 Operant Conditioning: Trying New Responses
Learning by strengthening voluntary behaviors Antecedents Behavior (Operant) Consequences (Reinforcers)

10 Positive Reinforcement
Operant Conditioning Reinforcement always increases a desired behavior Punishment always decreases an undesired Positive Negative Give Positive Reinforcement Punishment Take away Reinforcement

11 Operant Conditioning: Trying New Responses
Learning by strengthening voluntary behaviors Positive Reinforcement Increases a behavior by adding a desired consequence Negative Reinforcement Increases a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus Punishment Presentation Removal

12 Individualized instruction Contingency Contracts Token Reinforcements
Putting It All Together: Behavioral Approaches To Teaching And Management Individualized instruction Contingency Contracts Token Reinforcements Important to be sure that teaching methods and practices are accurate

13 Limitations Can it explain complex human behavior?
Learning = Behavior?

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