1. Opener: (You’ll see in the next slide)
December 5th, 2016
Learning Target: I will be able to identify the causes and issues of the Great Depression so that I can understand what life was like at the time.
Literacy Target: To gain both general and content specific knowledge
Opener: (You’ll see in the next slide)
Grab some paper….Get ready for notes!

2. Which of these numbers seems the most staggering to you? Why?
Opener
The unemployment rate rose to 25%
1/3
Between , the quantity of goods and services produced in the US reduced by 30%
80%
The stock market lost 80% of its value
Which of these numbers seems the most staggering to you? Why?
Jamie, here I will ask all the students to stand, and then have the appropriate amount of them take a seat (1/4th, 1/3rd, or 80%) and I will explain what each number represents. If you put this in presentation mode you will see that they appear one at a time.

3. Setting the Scene (Review)
“The Roaring Twenties were the period of Great American Prosperity which was built on shaky foundations.”
J. Paul Getty
Post WWI
Good times of the 1920s
Spending big, Living large
Hoover is President
Surplus of crops after the war (red flag!)
Very small upper class and very large lower class
“The rich get richer, the poor get poorer”
Introduction of credit
Hides the problem (red flag!)
Europe owes the U.S. a lot of money
So where did it go wrong?

4. The Crash (also review)
September 3rd, The stock market begins to sputter and fall
October 24th, 1929 “Black Tuesday”
Stock prices plummet. Panic begins. People try to sell stocks for anything.
October 29th, “Black Thursday”
Stocks completely collapse. Banks begin calling in loans.
People try to pull their money out of banks, cleaning out
their reserves

5. Banks Collapse (start taking new notes )
1929: 641 Commercial Banks Failed
1930: 1,350 more : 1,700 more
In total, 7,000 banks failed
Why the banking collapse? Misguided monetary policies
The Federal Government had limited money supply in in order to discourage lending
Result: Not enough money in the system when the panic started
This led to deflation : reduction of the level of prices in the economy

6. Take a moment Summarize the ideas so far Then share with a partner
Don’t forget to sign your partner’s paper!

7. Businesses Fail, Unemployment Soars
Seeing the stocks fall, people stop spending so much money
Leading to…companies panic and begin to lay off employees
By 1933, 25% of Americans were unemployed
Becomes a cycle--
Worker Incomes Shrink
Spend Less Money
Businesses cut production
Close more factories
Cut hours and/or fire workers

8. Tariffs
Tariff: a tax paid on imports or exports, usually done to protect the domestic marketplace
Smoot-Hawley tariff (1930)
Increased the cost of imported goods in an attempt to protect the U.S. markets
Based on Protectionist ideals—protect the domestic market by restraining foreign trade
Led to retaliation in some countries
protective tariffs were made against U.S. goods
This completely closed some markets, and harmed international trade
The Depression goes global

9. Not just an American depression…
Europe was still struggling with war debt
Prosperous 1920s in Europe was based on American loans
When the U.S. stock crashes, there was less money going to Europe
Debts pile up and economies go down in Europe
Germany could no longer pay
U.S. agrees to suspend payment from France and England
Same cycle begins to happen in Europe
Tariffs begin to hurt European business as well

10. Take a moment Give one get one Write one thing you find interesting
Share, then write down your partner’s idea
Don’t forget to sign your partner’s paper!

11. Hard Times in America If jobs weren’t cut, hours were
People began to move around to look for jobs
Many families relied on soup and bread kitchens to feed their families
Families sold anything of value to stay afloat
Still, many Americans were evicted from their homes and moved into homeless camps

12. Hoovervilles
Homeless families began to move into makeshift shantytowns
Shantytown: a settlement of improvised housing within cities made of whatever is available
Most people there lived in tents or shacks
One of the largest ones sprung up in Central Park This one is in Seattle
The term refers to President Hoover

15. Prices Plunge, Famers lose out
Farms were over-producing since WWI
Farms fell into debt because they couldn’t sell their crops
After the crash, people couldn't afford as much food
Farms fell further into debts, not able to sell most of their harvest.
Then they couldn’t pay for their seed, equipment , or pay their existing debts
Led to falling prices in food
Ex: A bushel of wheat in 1919 cost $2.16; in 1932 it sold for 38 cents
People still couldn’t pay this; farmers still lost money.
ANOTHER CYCLE
Many families lost their farms because of this
, almost one million farmers lost their farms

16. Take a moment Draw it out Sketch an idea from the information so far
Share with a partner
Don’t forget to sign your partner’s paper!

17. The Dust Bowl
To make the situation worse, there was an ecological disaster
Huge drought in the plains states + poor farming techniques = the Dust Bowl
Plowed up the natural grasses of the prairie, made the topsoil loose
Did not rotate crops, which ruined the soil
Normal winds on the plains began to sweep up massive clouds of the remaining soil
Mostly in Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, New Mexico and Colorado

21. Migration
Between the poor income from farming and the Dust Bowl, thousands had to move to find work
Whole families would move to find work
became known as Okies
Rumors of jobs did not often work out
Large population boom in cities because of rumors of jobs

22. Family Life Hard on men, who had been the traditional “breadwinners”
Women did anything they could to support the family
Children often fell by the wayside
Many ran away, and many quit school
Other children worked to support the family
Many families broke apart

23. Minorities
Americans who identified as minorities often got the short end of the stick
Last to be hired, first to be fired
Blacks experienced new racism
Legal Mexican immigrants and their American children were often forced to return to Mexico through repatriation
Repatriation: the process of returning a person to their place or origin, usually voluntarily
How? In this case, encouragement from local, state and federal government

25. Take a moment
In a word
Define the Great Depression only using one word
Share with a partner
Don’t forget to sign your partner’s paper!

26. Closure What caused the Great Depression?
Why do you think studying the Great Depression is important?
Self Reflection (1-4) and “Today I learned”