1. Accessory Organs of the Skin
Chapter 4

2. Accessory Organs
Glands
Hair
Nails

3. Glands Organ that releases a substance into or out of the body
Sebaceous (oil) glands
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands

4. Sebaceous (oil) Glands
All over the body (except palms and soles)
Secrete sebum
Oily mixture of cholesterol and cellular debris
Human defensin (antimicrobial substance)
Keeps the hair and skin soft & pliable
Prevent water evaporation
Open onto a hair follicle
Increase secretion in response to sex hormones
Puberty

5. Sebaceous Gland Disorders
Acne vulgaris
Overactive/inflammed sebaceous glands
Caused by hair follicles blocked with sebum
Inflammatory response causes small red elevation

6. Sudoriferous (sweat) Glands
Coiled, tubular glands located in the dermis
On average, 1 in2 of skin contains _____ sweat glands?
650
Eccrine sweat glands
Apocrine sweat glands

7. Eccrine Glands Forehead, neck, back Open onto skin surface
Begin functioning at birth
Respond throughout life due to body temperature
Produce sweat that assists in regulating body temperature
99% water
Salt, urea, lactic acid
Composition varies with diet/heredity

8. Apocrine Glands Genital/anal regions; axillary region
Open onto a hair follicle, not the skin
Begin functioning at puberty, under the influence of sex hormones
Sweat does not assist in temperature regulation
Sweat is more viscous (sticky/thick)
Yellow-white/milky color
Odorless when secreted
Bacteria metabolize the sweat and secrete waste  body odor

9. Specialized Sweat Glands
Mammary glands
Secrete milk
Modified sweat glands
Ceruminous glands
External ear canal
Secrete cerumin (earwax)
Repels insects, traps dust