1. Do Now! What is demography?
How has the human population changed over the past 10,000 years?

2. Agenda: Do Now Activity: Interpreting a chart
Notes: Demographic transition

3. Demographic Transition
Model that describes how economic/social changes affect population growth rates.

4. Demographic Transition:
Stage 1: Preindustrial
- High birth & death rates; stable population (low)
Stage 2: Transitional
- Low death rate, high birth rate; rapid population growth
Stage 3: Industrial
- Low birth & death rates; stable population (high)
Stage 4: Postindustrial
- Birth rate below death rate; decreasing population

5. Key Factor: Women
- Why do you think American women today give birth to fewer children than they did 200 years ago?

6. Fertility
- As women gain education and economic independence, fertility rates decline.
- Lifestyle in modern countries does not require as many children.

7. Problems of Rapid Population Growth:
- Overwhelmed infrastructure (the basic facilities and services that support a community)
- Shortage of fuel (often firewood)
- Contaminated water supply
- Shortage of arable land (land used to grow crops)
- Urbanization (movement of people from rural areas to cities) leads to traffic jams, disease, pollution