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Circuits – how we get electricity to do work!
(beginning to 5:19) (similar) (Eureka) (how do lithium ion batteries work?) 11.2 Electric Circuits (page 447 – 454)
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Learning Goals: I can draw series and parallel circuit diagrams and explain the function of each circuit component I can identify electrical quantities and their units, and measure these quantities in an operating circuit I can explain and investigate the concepts of electric current, potential difference, and resistance in a simple circuits I can analyze how adding loads or changing resistance will affect series and parallel circuits
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What is this? How would you describe/define this?
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Electric Circuit: A closed path along which electrons that are powered by an energy source can flow.
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What is needed to make a circuit work?
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Parts of a Circuit 1. Electrical Load: Anything that converts electrical energy into another form of energy, such as sound, heat, or light.
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Electrical Loads – Schematic Diagram Symbols
light bulb resistor motor
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Parts of a Circuit 2. Connectors: Provide a path for electric current to flow to each part of the circuit.
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Wire Connectors – Schematic Diagram Symbols
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Parts of a Circuit 3. Electric Source: Where the electricity comes from.
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Electric Source – Schematic Diagram Symbols
Negative terminal Positive terminal - + Battery or 2cells AC Source (i.e. plug) Cell
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Parts of a Circuit 4. Switches: A control device completes or breaks the circuit to which it is attached NOT necessary for a circuit to work!
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Switches – Schematic Circuit Diagram Symbols
open (off) closed (on)
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Open Circuits An OPEN CIRCUIT is a circuit that contains a gap or a break. If there is a break, electrons CAN’T flow and the load won’t work
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Closed Circuits A CLOSED CIRCUIT is a circuit that does not contain a gap or break. - If there is no break, then electrons CAN flow and the load will work
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Closed Electric Circuit
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Open Electric Circuit
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Types of Circuits A SERIES CIRCUIT is a circuit in which there is ONLY ONE pathway along which electrons can flow. S L1 L2 L3 Examples: S L1
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Types of Circuits A PARALELL CIRCUIT is a circuit in which there is MORE THAN ONE pathway along which electrons can flow. Examples:
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Types of Circuits A COMBINATION CIRCUIT is a circuit in which parts are in series, and parts are in parallel. Examples:
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Think. Pair. Share. Which resistors are in series with each other?
Which resistors are in parallel with each other? L2 L3 L4 L1 L5 L6 L7 L8 L10 L9 S1 S2 L12 L11
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Drawing Electric Circuits
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Drawing Circuits A CIRCUIT DIAGRAM is a simplified drawing of an electrical circuit. Symbols are used to represent each part of a circuit Always use a ruler It’s a universal system
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Try This. Draw the schematic circuit diagram of this circuit picture:
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Try This. Answer: Rotation of the whole circuit or the amount of connector do not matter – but try to use only as much connector as required to make the diagram look neat. or
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Try This. Draw the schematic circuit diagram of this circuit picture:
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Try This. Answer: Connector lines must be straight.
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Try This. Draw the schematic circuit diagram of this circuit picture:
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Try This. This is incorrect.
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Try This. Answer: Getting the order of components correct is important.
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Try This. Draw a circuit with a source that leads out the negative end into a light bulb, followed by an open switch, a motor, another light bulb, a resistor, and then back into the source.
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Try This. Draw a circuit with a source that leads out the negative end into a light bulb, followed by an open switch, a motor, another light bulb, a resistor, and then back into the source.
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Turn the light ON! Using the equipment provided (tin foil, battery, light), make the light go on! Come up with at least 3 different ways to arrange the equipment and turn on the light. Draw a picture of each of your arrangements. Note: if something gets hot….disconnect!
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Discussion What did we need to make the light go on?
What is this called? What is a short circuit?
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