1. Chapter 5B Notes Exploring the Periodic Table
West Valley High School
General Chemistry
Mr. Mata

2. Periodic Law Demonstrated in Groups
Why do elements in groups have similar physical & chemical properties?
Same number of valence e-’s in their outer energy levels.
Similar e- configs of outer e-’s of elements within same group.

3. METALS
METALLOIDS
NONMETALS

4. ALKALI METALS +1

5. ALKALINE-EARTH METALS +2

6. HALOGENS -1

7. NOBLE GASES 0

8. TRANSITION METALS +1, +2, +3

9. INNER TRANSITION (Rare Earth) METALS

10. LANTHANIDES

11. ACTINIDES

12. PERIODS 7

13. GROUPS 18

14. MAIN GROUP ELEMENTS

15. Let’s Compare! Metals Nonmetals Metalloids
Good conductors of heat & elect.
Malleable
Ductile
Luster
Solids at RT
Solids, liquids & gases at RT
Solids are brittle and dull
Poor conductors of heat & elect.
Properties of metals & nonmetals
Mostly brittle solids
Intermediate conductors of elect. - aka semiconductors

16. Distance between nuclei
Atomic Radii
Atomic radius – one-half distance between nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together.
Atomic Radius
Distance between nuclei

17. Period Trends Decreases across a period
Higher effective nuclear charge – more protons being added to the nucleus at the same time electrons are being added to the same energy level

18. Group Trends Increase down a group
Although more protons are being added to the nucleus going down a period, energy levels are also being added. The inner energy levels create a shielding effect from the attractive nuclear forces.

19. Atomic Radii Trends
DECREASES
DECREASES

20. Ionization Energy
Energy required to remove one e - from neutral atom of an element (creates an ion).
A + Energy  A+ + e-

21. Ionization Energy Trends
INCREASES
INCREASES

22. Electron Affinity
Change in energy that a neutral atom undergoes when an e - is acquired.
Ability to attract an e -.

23. Electron Affinity Trends
INCREASES
INCREASES

24. Ionic Radii Cation – positively charged ion
Anion – negatively charged ion
Removal of an e - creates an unbalanced positive charge .
Addition of an e - creates an unbalanced negative charge . +

25. Ionic Radii Trends
DECREASES
DECREASES

26. Valence Electrons
E -’s available to be gained, lost or shared in forming chemical compound.
Located in the outer energy level.

27. Electronegativity
Ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract a bonding pair of e -’s.

28. Electronegativity Trends
INCREASES
INCREASES

29. Chapter 5 SUTW Prompt
Describe the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and how they are arranged on the Periodic Table of Elements.
Complete an sentence paragraph using the SUTW paragraph format. Hilight using green, yellow, and pink.
Due Date: Monday, October 9th, 2017 at beginning of your regular class.