1. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 3
The Interview
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

2. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Interview
Subjective Data Collection vs Objective Data
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

3. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Interview Goal: WHY?
Why is it important to know how to talk to your patients?
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
WHO is your patient?
KNOW:
Gender
Sexual orientation
Cultural background
Special needs
Age
Family with patient
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION WHAT is important while you are talking to your patient?
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
“It takes mutual understanding by the sender and receiver to have a successful communication.”

6. What are you sending to your patient?
verbal vs non-verbal behavior
Respect
Empathy
Listen
Know yourself
Privacy
Position
Dress
Note taking
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Question
Which of the following would be the best way to refer to an adult patient when initiating the interview?
Hello Mr. Jones, what brought you to the emergency department today?
Hello James, what brought you to the emergency department today?
Hi, I’m nurse John, what brought you into the hospital today Jim?
Hi Mr. J., what’s up? Why are you here today?
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
The correct answer is 1. All of the other answers are too informal for a professional interview unless the patient is very young or an adolescent.

8. Techniques of Communication
HOW do you communicate?
Open-ended questions
Closed/direct questions
Verbal behavior
Non-verbal behavior (note yours and patients)
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
Question
Which of the following questions would likely warrant the best response?
Why did you come in today?
Where does it hurt?
Have you been checking your blood pressure?
When was the last time you were seen by a doctor?
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
The correct answer is 1. It is the only choice that would invite a paragraph for an answer rather than a short statement.

10. Types of Verbal Responses
Facilitation
Silent attentiveness
Reflection
Empathy
Clarification
Confrontation
Interpretation
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Types of Non-Verbal Responses
Physical appearance
Posture
Gestures
Facial Expression
Eye Contact
Voice
Touch
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. Ten Traps of Interviewing
Providing false assurance or reassurance
Giving unwanted advice
Using authority
Using avoidance language
Engaging in distancing
Using professional jargon
Using leading or biased questions
Talking too much
Interrupting
Using “why” questions
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. AGE RELATED COMMUNICATION
Adults/ older Adults
Address by proper surname
Interview will likely take longer
Silence
Physical limitations
touch
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Interviewing People with Special Needs
Hearing impaired
Acutely ill
Under influence of street drugs or alcohol
Those who must be asked personal questions
Sexually aggressive
Crying
Angry and threatening violence
Anxious
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
FEW QUESTIONS….
?????????? ??????????? ???????????
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
The nurse is nearing the end of an interview. Which statement is appropriate at this time?
 ”Did we forget something?”
 “Is there anything else you would like to mention?” 
 “I need to go on to the next patient. I’ll be back.”
 “While I’m here, let’s talk about your upcoming surgery.”
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
During a follow-up visit, the nurse discovers that a patient has not been taking his insulin on a regular basis. The nurse asks, “Why haven’t you taken your insulin?” Which statement is an appropriate evaluation of this question?
 This question may place the patient on the defensive. 
 This question is an innocent search for information.
 Discussing his behavior with his wife would have been better.
 A direct question is the best way to discover the reasons for his behavior.
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
During an interview, the nurse would expect that most of the interview will take place at what distance?
Intimate zone
Personal distance
Social distance
Public distance
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
A female nurse is interviewing a male patient who is near the same age as the nurse. During the interview, the patient makes an overtly sexual comment. The nurse’s best reaction would be:
 “Stop that immediately!”
 “Oh, you are too funny. Let’s keep going with the interview.”
 “Do you really think I would be interested?”
 “It makes me uncomfortable when you talk that way. Please stop.”
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
The nurse is conducting an interview. Which of these statements istrue regarding open-ended questions? Select all that apply.
Open-ended questions elicit cold facts.
 They allow for self-expression.
 Open-ended questions build and enhance rapport. 
 They leave interactions neutral.
 Open-ended questions call for short one- to two-word answers.
 They are used when narrative information is needed.
Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004, 2000, 1996, 1993 by Saunders, an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2016 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.