1. LEIDEN OBSERVATORY
INTERNATIONAL MASTERS AND SCHOOLARSHIPS

2. Professor of Astronomy Frederick Kaiser (1808-1872)
The first paid-for post of observer in the Netherlands.
Director of Leiden Observatory in 1837.

3. Leiden Observatory (1861) 12

4. Frederick Kaiser ( )
De Sitter ( ) – The De Sitter model
Oort ( ) – He mapped the distribution of HI gas in the Galaxy with the 21 cm line
Blaauw (1914 – 2014) – Stellar associations, clusters high-velocity stars
van der Hulst (1918 – 2000) - The predicted the existence of the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral interstellar hydrogen

5. Einstein, Ehrenfest & De Sitter; Eddington & Lorentz.
Location: office of W. de Sitter in Leiden (The Netherlands, 1923)
(Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
Unported license).

6. From the October 1927 Fifth Solvay International Conference on Electrons and Photons.
Hendrik Lorentz, Leiden University, seated between Madame Curie and Einstein,
chaired the conference.
Credit:iharsten

7. 1951 detection of the 21-centimeter radio emission from
interstellar hydrogen spectral line at radio frequencies.
1958, distribution of neutral hydrogen in the Galactic System. The maximum densities in the z-direction are projected on the galactic plane, and contours are drawn through the points (1958 MNRAS 118, 379).

8. Today
Sterrewacht of Leiden
Two buildings: Oort and Huygens buildings

9. Groups:
Large scale structure and cosmology
Galaxies
Interstellar matter and star formation
Stars and planetary systems
Computational astrophysics
High energy astrophysics
Laboratory astrophysics and astrochemistry
Instrumentation
History of science
Number of professors: ~40
Number of PhD: ~80
Number of Master students: ~60
Number of Postdoc: ~50

10. Access to ESO telescopes and Canarie Island Telescopes
Participation in development of instrumentations, e.g.:
The Atacama Large Millimeter Array / Submillimeter Array (ALMA)
The Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX)
GAIA ESA space mission
LOFAR
The Multi-AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment (MATISSE)
The Mid-IR E-ELT Imager and Spectrograph (METIS)
The mid-IR instrument on board the James-Webb Space Telescope (MIRI)
Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) is Integral Field Spectrograph
OmegaCAM – VST
Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research (SPHERE)

13. Master duration:
Two thesis (minor and major)
Typical length?
How many credits?