1. An invitation for a study of the Enets prosody: Enets digital corpora
Olesya Khanina
Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’, Russian Science Foundation

2. Outline
Enets (Forest, Tundra) – Northern Samoyedic – Samoyedic – Uralic
1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
2. What do we know about the Enets intonation?
3. Description of the Enets corpora.
4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

3. 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic)
FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable
FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/
FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally
FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels
FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words
Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase
Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.) The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

4. ‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

5. Possible only in non-first syllables
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

6. Possible only in non-first syllables
Possible only before front vowels (the frequency of use depends on the quality of the vowel and of the consonant)
Possible only before front vowels (the frequency of use depends on the quality of the vowel and of the consonant)
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
Non-first syllables only
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

7. 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic)
FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable
FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/
FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally
FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels
FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words
Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase
Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.) The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

8. 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic)
FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable
FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/
FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally
FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels
FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words
Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase
Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.) The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

9. Stress patterns
the 1st syllable: often more prominent (prominence: length, intensity, pitch)
the 2nd syllable: can also be prominent
further syllables: rarely prominent, with exceptions connected to some affixes.
+ it is not uncommon for stress-related parameters to diverge: 1st vs. 2nd
+ different pronunciations of the same words may be characterized by a change in length, intensity, or pitch for the 1st or the 2nd syllable.
in a carrier phrase: usually fewer prosodic distinctions 1st vs. non-1st, the length is the most frequent parameter to differentiate syllables in a carrier phrase
=> no easily identifiable fixed stress
=> the 1st syllable is more often prominent than not
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

10. 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic)
FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable
FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/
FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally
FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels
FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words
Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase
Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.) The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

11. 1. What do we know about the Enets phonology at the word level?
Set of phonemes, patterns of variation (phonemic and allophonic)
FE, TE: /e/~/i/ in the 1st syllable
FE: /ɔ/~/a/, /ɔ/~/e/, /s/~/z/
FE, TE: optional vowel drop word-finally
FE, TE: optional vowel drop in sequences of 2 identical vowels
FE: optional vowel drop in even syllables in 2+ syllable words
Stress patterns: in isolation and in a carrier phrase
Khanina, Olesya & Andrey Shluinsky. In prep. Tundra and Forest Enets, In Abondolo, Daniel & Riitta-Liisa Valijärvi (eds.) The Uralic languages, 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge.
Khanina, Olesya. Documenting a language with phonemic and phonetic variation: the case of Enets, Submitted to Language Documentation and Conservation.
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

12. 2. What do we know about the Enets intonation?
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

13. 2. What do we know about the Enets intonation?
NOTHING!
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

14. 3. Description of the Enets corpora
Glossed and translated texts synchronized with audio (and partly video); ELAN & Toolbox
Translation and glossing in Russian AND English; Enets is written with Latin script (Cyrillic script in progress)
All texts: oral speech (a handful of written texts read aloud)
Genres: everyday stories, traditional stories and tales, dialogues, interviews, procedures and instructions, songs, polylogues,
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

15. 3. Description of the Enets corpora
Modern data (speakers born 1940s-1960s):
2005, 2008, 2009, 2010: Potapovo, Vorontsovo, Dudinka
Recorded by Andrey Shluinsky, Olesya Khanina, Maria Ovsjannikova, Natalia Stoynova, Sergey Trubetskoy
Data from archives (speakers born 1910s-1930s): reels, cassettes, minidisks
Recorded by linguists Kazimir Labanauskas, Eugen Helimski, Irina P. Sorokina, Darja S. Bolina, a musicologist Oksana E. Dobzhanskaja, an Enets journalist of local radio Nina N. Bolina; Viktor N. Pal’chin, Marina N. Pal’china, Vera Bettu, …
Transcribed by Andrey Shluinsky, Olesya Khanina, Maria Ovsjannikova, Natalia Stoynova, Sergey Trubetskoy
All glossed by Andrey Shluinsky (FE) and Olesya Khanina (TE)
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

16. 3. Description of the Enets corpora
Hours
Texts
Clauses
MS Word pages
Speakers
Current generation
Previous generations
Forest Enets 25
342 ca ca 18
Tundra Enets
7.2 99 ca ca 8 6
Total
32.2
441 ca ca 50
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

17. 4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask
Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets
Modern vs. pre-modern
TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress)
Comparison to the Russian of the Enets
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

18. 4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask
Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets
Modern vs. pre-modern
TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress)
Comparison to the Russian of the Enets
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

19. 4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask
Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets
Modern vs. pre-modern
TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress)
Comparison to the Russian of the Enets
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

20. 4. Interesting questions concerning intonation patterns that the Enets corpora let us ask
Forest Enets vs. Tundra Enets
Modern vs. pre-modern
TE vs. TE in Nganasan surrounding (in progress)
Comparison to the Russian of the Enets
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation

21. 4. How to get the Enets corpora
For the latest version, the owners:
Olesya Khanina:
Andrey Shluinsky:
Web-version of FE (non-downloadable, glossing)
Raw web-version of FE, TE (downloadable, no glossing)
By the end of 2017: fully updated in the Internet (a part of the corpora)
‘Dynamics of Language Contact in the Circumpolar World’ Russian Science Foundation