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Ancient Greek Theater Based on myths
Contained allusions to mythology w/o explanation Theater was fulfilling religious duty-reverence and patriotism-Dionysus Grandeur and spectacle The good will of the gods determined the city’s welfare
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Ancient Greek Theater Performed for thousands in daytime
3 playwrights chosen to compete at festival of Dionysus 3 tragedies w/ a satyr-short, comic interlude 3 actors-elegant robes, masks, raised shoes Changed costumes and masks to represent different characters
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Greek Tragedy Centered on the suffering of a major character and ends in death/disaster Usually presented as part of a trilogy-Sophocles’ time Characters are universal –represents a personality type Personalities easily represented with masks
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The Tragic Hero Classic Definition from-Aristotle
Dignified, superior, socially important character Possesses a tragic flaw-brings about/contributes to downfall Often twist of fate Recognizes flaw too late Earns sympathy from viewer/reader
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Presentation of Plays 1. Prologue/Exposition-presents background of the conflict 2. Parados-chorus enters to sing an opening song 3. First scene 4. Ode-sung by chorus to divide scenes
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Parts of a Greek Theater
Parados- “passageways”-audience used them to enter/exit the play Chorus and characters returning from abroad, or messengers would enter this way Skene- “tent”-building directly behind the stage A few steps above the orchestra Characters enter/exit Designed like palace, temple, building appropriate to setting Access to the roof
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Parts of a Greek Theater
Orchestra- “dancing space”-normally circular; place for the chorus to dance, sing, interact In the center often an altar for worship Theatron- “viewing space”-for spectators; wrapped around orchestra and on a hillside
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The Chorus Purpose: interpret the meaning of the action of the play; sometimes behaves as a character who enters into dialogue with other characters or the audience CHORAGOS-leader of the chorus; will enter into conversation Chorus moves on stage to interpret or distract
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The Chorus STROPHE-movement from Right to left on stage while singing
ANTISTROPHE-movement from Left to right on stage while singing EPODE-could be included as final stanza for the chorus PAEAN-thanksgiving (prayer) to DIONYSUS EXODUS-final exiting scene
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