1. Drill: Calculate the osmotic pressure of 5
Drill: Calculate the osmotic pressure of 5.0 g NaOH in 7500 mL soln at 27oC.

2. Drill: Calculate the heat change when 25. 0 g of H2O goes from 66
Drill: Calculate the heat change when 25.0 g of H2O goes from 66.3oC to 26.3oC.

3. Chemical Kinetics or Reaction Rates

4. Reaction Rate
The speed at which reactants become products in a chemical reaction
M/s

5. Kinetic Theory All matter is made up of tiny particles
The particles are in constant motion
All collisions are elastic ?

6. Elastic Collisions
Collisions in which there is no energy change

7. Particles Reacting For particles to react, they must collide
Reaction rate is dependent on collision rate

8. Particles Reacting
When a reaction takes place, an energy change occurs
Collisions (in which reactions occur) are not elastic

11. Reaction Rate
Rate = - d[Reactant]/dt
Rate = +d[Product]/dt
M/s

14. CHM II HW
Problems: 1 & 2
Page:698

15. Factors Affecting Rxn Rate
Concentration, Temperature, Agitation, Process, Orientation, Catalyst, SA of Solid, Pressure of Gas, Reaction Mechanism

16. List & describe all of the factors affecting rxn rates.

17. List & describe at least 5 factors that will affect reaction rates
Drill:
List & describe at least 5 factors that will affect reaction rates

19. Rate Expression
An equation showing how rate depends on the number of reactants in a rate determining reaction

20. Rate Expression Rxn: aA(aq) + bB(aq) P Expr: Rate = k[A]a[B]b
[A] = molarity of A

21. Rate Expression
Rxn: aA(g) + bB(g)
Product
Exp: Rate = kPAaPBb

22. Write Rate Expressions for:
H2(g) + N2(g) NH3(g)
HCl(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq)
BaCl2(aq) + H2O (l)

23. Write Rate Expressions for:
Cl2(g) + HOOH (aq)
2 HOCl(aq)

24. Reaction Order The total number of reactants
Equals total of all of the coeffecients of R in the rxn
Equals total exponents in rate expression

25. Determining Rxn Rate Find rate expression ratios
(Ratio of concentrations)x = rate ratio
x = exponent

26. Drill: Write the rate expression & determine rxn order for:
SO2(g) + O2 (g)
SO3(g)

27. Write the rate expression for:
aA + bB + cC
Products

28. Experimental Results Exp [A] [B] [C] Rate 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 2

29. AP CHM HW
Problem: 23
Page: 333

30. CHM II HW
Problem: 21
Page:

31. Experimental Results Exp # [A] [B] [C] Rate 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3

32. Experimental Results Exp # [R] [S] [T] Rate 1) 0.25 0.20 0.10 21) 2) 3) 4)

35. Clausius-Claperon Eq
(T2)(T1) k2
(T2 – T1) k1
Ea= R ln

36. Calculate the activation energy of a reaction whose rate constant is 2
Calculate the activation energy of a reaction whose rate constant is 2.0 x 103 at 27oC and is 2.0 x 106 at 77oC:

37. Half-Life
The time required for one half of a reactant to be decomposed in a reaction

39. Useful Relationships
Rxn Order Rate Exp
R=k
R=k[A]
R=k[A]2

40. Useful Relationships
Rxn Order Half Life
0 [Ao]/2k /k
/k[A]

41. 1st Order Age Dating Formula
t = ln(Ai/Af)t1/2
0.693

42. Useful Relationships Rxn Order Lin Plot 0 [A] vs k 1 ln[A] vs k

43. Useful Relationships Rxn Order Calc R E 0 -d[A]/dt = k
d[A]/dt = k[A]
d[A]/dt = k[A]2

44. Solve All: Exp Data Exp # T [A] [B] Rate 1) 27oC 0.10 0.10 2

45. The sequence of steps that make up the reaction process
Reaction Mechanism
The sequence of steps that make up the reaction process

47. Reaction Mechanism Step 1 A <--> B fast Step 2 B ---> C slow
Step 3 C <--> D fast
Total A ---> D

48. The rate determining step in a reaction mechanism is the slowest step

49. To solve the rate expression, you must use the slowest step
Reaction Mechanism
To solve the rate expression, you must use the slowest step

50. Solve Rate Expression A + B C + D fast 2C + A G fast 2D + B K fast
2G + 2K Prod. slow

52. Solving Rxn Exponent = = Rate2 k [IO3-]x[S2O5-2]y
M/31 s k(0.10M)x(0.10M)y
M/66 s k(0.10M)x(0.05M)y = =

54. [Z]
Abs 640
0.1
0.66
0.075
0.495
0.05
0.33
0.025
0.165
0.01
0.066

56. Solve Rate Expression X + Y M + N fast M + N 2G slow 2N + G K fast
2G + 2K Prod. fast

57. Solve Rate Expression X + Y M + N fast 3M + N 2G fast 2N K fast
4G + 2K Prod. slow

58. CHM II HW
Problems: 65 & 69
Page: 704

59. Solve Rate Expression A + B C + D fast 4C + A 2G fast 4D + B 2K fast
G + K Q + W slow
Q + 2 W Prod. fast

60. AP CHM HW
Problems: 61 & 63
Page: 337

61. Review

62. Drill: Determine All Exp # T [A] [B] Rate 1) 27oC 0.10 0.10 2

63. Solve Rate Expression A + B C + D fast 4 C + A 2G fast 2 K 4D + B fast
G + K Q + W fast
2Q + 2W Prod. slow