1. 태아 초음파 검사법

2. 임신 시기에 따른 초음파 검사 항목 First Trimester Gestational sac location
Embryo identification
Crown-rump length
Fetal heart motion Fetal number
Uterus and adnexal evaluation

3. Gestational Sac

4. Yolk Sac

5. Yolk Sac & Fetus

6. Crown Rump Length

7. 임신 시기에 따른 초음파 검사 항목 Second and Third Trimester Fetal number
Presentation
Fetal heart motion
Placental location
Amnionic fluid volume
Gestational age
Survey of fetal anatomy
Evaluation for maternal pelvic masses

8. Detection of Fetal anomaly
태아의 형태적 이상유무를 확인
검사자의 경험 및 숙련도
초음파 기기의 해상도 등의 한계가 문제
Overall sensitivity of sonography in detecting fetal defects was 53%.

9. Head and Spine Hydrocephalus (Ventriculomegaly)
Most cases are associated with other anomaly
Ten percent were associated with chromosomal abnormalities
Lateral ventricular atrium
6-9 mm (15-35 weeks)
Greater than 10 mm -> ventriculomegaly
Dangling choroid plexus

10. Head and Spine Neural tube defects Anencephaly
Absence of cranium with cerebral hemisphere
Extreme diminution of adrenal gland size
Gross hydramnios
The first fetal malformation to be diagnosed prenatally by sonography

12. Head and Spine Spina bifida Usually in the lumbosacral vertebrae
Meningocele
Meningomyelocele
Meningoencephalocele

13. Head and Spine Arnold-Chiari malformation Cerebral ventriculomegaly
Frontal bone scalloping (lemon sign)
Abnormal curvature of the cerebellum (banana sign)
Obliteration of cisterna magna

14. Lemon & Banana Sign

15. Head and Spine Cystic hygroma Cleft lip and palate
Lymphatic system malformation
Nuchal region
Associated with fetal hydrops and chromosomal abnormalities
Cleft lip and palate

16. Cystic hygroma

17. Thorax Heart anomaly Diaphragmatic hernia
Most commonly recognized birth defect
Frequently associated with aneuploidy
Four-chamber view
Diaphragmatic hernia
Incomplete fusion of the pleuroperitoneal membrane
Cystic structure behind the left atrium
Absence of abdominal stomach bubble
Associated hydramnios

18. Diaphragmatic Hernia

19. Abdomen Abdominal wall defects Omphalocele Yes Midline Variable
More common
Gastroschisis No
Right to umbilicus
Intestine
Less common
Sac
Location
Content
Associated anomaly
Chromosomal
Abnormalities

20. Abdomen Gastrointestinal atresia Esophageal atresia
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Duodenal atresia
Double bubble sign

21. Abdomen Renal agenesis Cystic renal disease More frequent in males
Oligohydramnios and pulmonary hypoplasia
Cystic renal disease
polycystic kidney
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
Chronic obstructive uropathy

22. BPD 측정 Level

23. BPD & Femur

24. Face

25. Foot & Umbilical Cord

26. Mouth

27. Scrotum

28. Testis

29. Hydrocele

30. Amniotic Band