1. Medical Specialists and Case Reports
Chapter 5

2. Learning Objectives Describe the training process of physicians.
Identify medical specialists and describe their specialties.
Identify combining forms used in terms that describe specialists.
Decipher medical terminology as written in case reports.

3. Residency Programs Residency Definition Programs
Anesthesiology Administration of agents capable of bring about a loss of sensation
Dermatology Diagnosis and treatment of skin orders
Emergency medicine Care of patients requires sudden and immediate action

4. Residency Programs (Cont.)
Residency Definition Programs
Family practice Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis
Internal medicine Diagnosis and treatment of usually complex nonsurgical disorders in adults
Ophthalmology Diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders
Pathology Diagnosis of the cause and nature of disease
Name and define some other examples of residency programs.
Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging)
Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods

5. Residency Programs (Cont.)
Residency Definition Programs
Pediatrics Diagnosis and treatment of children’s disorders
Psychiatry Diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology Diagnosis using x-ray studies
Surgery Treatment by manual (SURG) means hand or operative methods
Name and define some other examples of residency programs.
Psychiatry: diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the mind
Radiology: diagnosis using x-rays and other procedures (ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging)
Surgery: treatment by manual (SURG means hand) or operative methods

6. Medical Specialties Defined
Specialist Description
Allergist Treats hypersensitivity reactions
Cardiologist Treats heart disease
Geriatrician Treats diseases of old age
Oncologist Diagnoses and treats malignant and benign tumors

7. Medical Specialties Defined (Cont.)
Specialist Description
Pathologist Diagnoses disease by analysis of cells
Radiation oncologist Treats disease with high- energy radiation
Urologist Treats and performs surgery on the urinary tract and male reproductive system
Name other medical specialists and discuss their functions.

8. Combining Forms cardi/o heart col/o colon, large intestine
dermat/o skin
endocrin/o endocrine glands
enter/o intestines
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart
Colitis: inflammation of the colon (large intestine)
Dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
Endocrinology: study of endocrine glands
Enteritis: inflammation of the small intestines

9. Combining Forms (Cont.)
esthesi/o sensation
gastr/o stomach
ger/o old age
gynec/o woman, female
hemat/o blood
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Anesthesiology: study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness
Gastroscopy: instrument used to view the stomach
Geriatrics: pertaining to treatment of older people
Gynecology: study of female disorders
Hematoma: mass or collection of blood under the skin

10. Combining Forms (Cont.)
iatr/o treatment
laryng/o voice box
lymph/o lymph
nephr/o kidney
neur/o nerve
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Iatrogenic: pertaining to a patient’s abnormal condition that results unexpectedly from a specific treatment
Laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx (voice box)
Lymphadenopathy: disease of the lymph nodes (glands)
Nephrostomy: opening from the kidney to the outside of the body
Neuralgia: nerve pain

11. Combining Forms (Cont.)
nos/o disease
obstetr/o midwife
odont/o tooth
onc/o tumor
ophthalm/o eye
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Nosocomial: pertaining to or originating in a hospital
Obstetric: pertaining to pregnancy, labor, and delivery of a baby
Orthodontist: dentist specializing in straightening the teeth
Oncogenic: pertaining to producing tumors
Ophthalmologist: specialist in the study of the eye and the treatment of eye disorders

12. Combining Forms (Cont.)
opt/o eye
optic/o eye
orth/o straight
ot/o ear
path/o disease
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Optometrist: nonmedical specialist trained to examine and test eyes and prescribe corrective lenses
Optician: nonmedical specialist trained to provide eyeglasses by filling prescriptions
Orthopedist: specialist in the surgical correction of musculoskeletal disorders
Otitis: inflammation of an ear
Pathology: study of disease

13. Combining Forms (Cont.)
ped/o child
psych/o mind
pulmon/o lung
radi/o x-rays
rect/o rectum
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Pediatrics: branch of medicine specializing in the treatment of children
Psychosis: abnormal condition of the mind
Pulmonary: pertaining to the lungs
Radiotherapy: treatment of disease (cancer) with high-energy x-rays or particles such as photons and protons
Rectocele: hernia (protrusion) of the rectum into the vagina

14. Combining Forms (Cont.)
rheumat/o flow, fluid
rhin/o nose
thorac/o chest
ur/o urinary tract
vascul/o blood vessels
Give the definitions of the medical terms:
Rheumatology: branch of medicine dealing with inflammation, degeneration, or chemical changes in connective tissues such as joints and muscles
Rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose
Thoracotomy: incision of the chest
Urology: study of the urinary system in males and females and the reproductive tract in males
Vasculitis: inflammation of blood vessels

15. Medical Terms per Specialty
Cardiology Gynecology
angina dysmenorrhea
anticoagulant hysterectomy
diuretic leiomyomas
hypertension menorrhagia
ischemia sonogram
antiarrhythmic fibroids
What are the definitions of the medical terms? How and why do they relate to the specialty? Note: These terms are from the case reports found in the textbook (pp. 184–186).

16. Medical Terms per Specialty (Cont.)
Orthopedics Radiology callus anterior femur infiltrate fibula lateral fixation mediastinal fracture posterior
What are the definitions for the medical terms? Why and how do the terms relate to the specialty? Note: These medical terms are found in the case reports in the textbook (pp. 187–191).

17. Medical Scramble Medical specialty treating pregnant women
S T B S C O R I E T
Inflammation of the ear
T I O S I T
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
1. OBSTETRICS
2. OTITIS

18. Medical Scramble (Cont.)
Branch of medicine that uses operative methods
G Y S R U E R
Pertaining to tumors
C G N E O I N C O
Pertaining to treating children
T I E P R D C I A
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
3. SURGERY
4. ONCOGENIC
5. PEDIATRIC

19. Medical Scramble (Cont.)
Study of disease
L A P G O H Y T O
New opening of the colon to the outside of the body
O L M Y S O C O T
Unscramble the letters to form medical terms from the clues. Use the underlined letters to complete the bonus term.
6. PATHOLOGY
7. COLOSTOMY

20. Medical Scramble (Cont.)
Bonus Term: Abnormal condition of the mind S C O S Y I P H S
Use the underlined letters from the previous words to complete the bonus term.
The bonus term is PSYCHOSIS.

21. Questions?