1. Requirements, Alternatives, & ConOps

2. Requirements

3. Science Requirements Two sources Primary science instruments
Mission supporting instruments

4. Science Traceability Matrix
Science Objective
Measurement Objective
Measurement Requirements
Instrument
When
Where
Who
What
How
Next
Table

5. Instrument Requirements Table
Mass (kg)
Power (W)
Data Rate (Mbps)
Dimensions (cm)
Lifetime
Frequency
Duration
Mass Spec
0.230
1.5
22.4
0.45 x 0.50 x 0.80
30 days
12 hours
5 minutes
Thermocouple
0.020
N/A
0.100
Wire of length X
Continuous
(Hint: Look in the book)

6. Support Equipment Requirements
Component
Mass (kg)
Power (W)
Data Rate
Dimensions
Other Technical Specifications
(Hint: Look in the book)

7. Environmental Requirements
Destination needs to be specific
A planet/moon name is NOT specific enough!
Things to consider
Temperature
Pressure
Gravity
Radiation
Chemistry
Wind
Other stuff???

8. Functional Requirements

9. Alternative Designs Team divided into 2 or 3 groups
Each develops at least one payload concept
Usually, PM and CE each take a group
Each concept needs to be viable
Should satisfy science objective(s)
Should satisfy at least the 6 basic functions
Deploy, take measurements, collect data, send data, provide power, and house instruments/equipment
Should list instruments & support equipment required
Think about what the concept will “do” to accomplish objective(s) (ConOps)
Brainstorming encouraged! (Think outside the box!)
Come back together & discuss
Be honest & critical, but not personal
Rinse, repeat

10. Alternatives
PM’s Group
CE’s Group
Not to Scale

11. Concept of Operations
A description of how the system will be operated during the mission phases in order to meet stakeholder expectations
Mission Phase: period of time, during which, the circumstances of your payload remain fairly constant (i.e., not much changes for your payload during a “phase” of the mission)

12. ConOps Checklist Word document on Downloads page
Asks you many questions about how your payload will operate/function
Divided into main “phases” for typical payloads
Initial Conditions
Deployment
Measurements
Sending Data
“other”
Go through the questions, as best as you know right now.

13. Example ConOps Lunar Probes Concept 1: Penetrator
A penetrator is released from the orbiter
It falls toward the surface, accelerating with gravity
It impacts the surface and buries itself
It takes measurements of heat flow from the inside of the moon, outward, along the length of the penetrator
Concept 2: Surface Probe
A spherical probe is released from the orbiter
It impacts the surface, but does not bury itself
Instead, it bounces/skips and comes to rest after a longer distance
It then measures surface temperatures

14. Example ConOps: Lunar Probes
Penetrating the Surface
Remaining on the Surface
Not to Scale

15. ConOps: Wrap Up USE THE CONOPS CHECK LIST!!!
Divide your mission into “phases” based on when things “change” for your payload
Explain what happens before, during, and at the end of each phase
PICTURES PICTURES PICTURES
Practice explaining this to someone not in the class – do they understand it?
Did we mention PICTURES???

16. Back to Alternatives Come back together as a team
Openly and fairly discuss the design alternatives
List the positives and negatives for each alternative.
Design Alternative
Positives
Negatives
Lunar Penetrator
Very good contact with soil
Temperature from surface to certain depth
High impact (g-forces)
Higher mass
Lunar Bowling Ball
Lower impact
Lower mass (potentially more probes)
Loose contact with surface
Subject to surface anomalies

17. Alternatives: Wrap Up More than one way to skin a cat!
“Explore the design space”
Two different groups for each team
Brainstorm
No bad ideas
New ideas
Outside the box
MUST satisfy science objective(s)!
Think about “what happens” (ConOps) of the alternatives
Come back together
Be honest, critical
Accept criticism
It’s not personal – it’s about getting the best design

18. Checklists InSPIRESS Downloads Page Requirements Checklist
MS Word Format
Not required – just for your benefit
Requirements Checklist
Project
Functional
Environmental
Science
Housing Checklist
Environment
Deployment
Instruments
Support Equipment
ConOps Checklist
Initial Conditions
Measurements
Sending Data
Other