1. Unit 2: The Arab World Islam Splits

2. The Death of Muhammad
632 AD: After Muhammad died, Muslims had to choose a new leader.
Muslims were split.
Abu Bakr – Muhammad’s father-in-law and first caliph
Caliph – means "successor”
He was seen as the more capable leader.
Ali – Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law
He was followed by Muslims who believed that their next leader should be a blood relative of Muhammad – a member of the Family of the Prophet.
The question was: Blood (Ali) or Capability (Abu Bakr)?
This question eventually caused Muslims to split into two groups: Sunnis & Shiites
There has been great conflict between these two groups ever since.

3. Sunni & Shiites Today Sunni Shi’a Believers Called Sunnis
Shiites, Shi’I
Meaning of Name
“well-trodden path” or “tradition”
“party” or “partisans” of Ali
Estimated Followers
940 million
120 million
% of Muslim population
90%
10%
Primary locations
Most Muslim countries
Iran, Iraq, Yemen
True Successor of the Prophet
Abu Bakr
Ali ibn Abu Talib
Qualifications for rule
Any qualified leader
Family of the Prophet
Historical Leaders
Caliphs
Imams
Concealing Faith for Self-Protection (taqiya)
Under special circumstances only
Emphasized
Frequency of Prayer
Five Times a Day
Five Times a Day although prayer is sometimes altered to 3 times a day by combining the morning and evening prayers together.

4. Despite the differences between the Sunni & Shiites, Islam spread very quickly . . .

5. so that this is what the region looks like today
. . . so that this is what the region looks like today. What issues/conflicts might occur as a result of this map?

7.
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