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MR. PALEN DO NOW How were immigrants who arrived between 1891 and 1910 different from earlier immigrants?
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Changes in Immigration
New immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe rather than northwestern Europe. Old immigrants were Protestant, new ones were usually Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox or Jewish.
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Changes in Immigration Cont.
New and old came in search of economic opportunity and religious freedom. Settle in cities because cities are cheaper, more convenient and offer cultural opportunities.
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Challenges Faced by Immigrants
Poor accomodations on ships. Physical exams to enter United States. Questioning by inspectors. Asians are discriminated against and from 1882 until 1943 most Chinese banned.
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Assistance for Immigrants
Ethnic neighborhoods. Benevolent societies. Businesses. Churches, synagogues and temples.
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Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration
As increase numbers of immigrants enter the country, anti-immigrant sentiment grows.
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Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration
Immigrants had different religions and languages. Immigrants were held responsible for crime, poverty and violence. Immigrants sometimes had radical politics.
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Reasons for Nativist Opposition to Immigration
Immigrants worked cheaply, thereby robbing Americans of Jobs and Lowering wages.
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Technological Innovations
Steel frames and elevators allowed taller buildings to be constructed. Mass transit enabled cities to expand outward.
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Social Values of the Wealthy
Conspicuous consumption, including extravagant homes and entertainments. Ostentatious philanthropy. Use of British Victorian culture as pattern for role of woman. Obsession with etiquette.
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Changes in Middle Class Life
New industries created a demand for educated workers in specialized fields. Professional schools and organizations were established.
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Changes in Middle Class Life
Woman received more opportunities to work outside the home. Sewing machines and servants lightened women’s domestic chores.
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Changes in Middle Class Life
Women were able to participate more in cultural and social activities. The middle class expanded.
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Urban Life for the Poor Housing shortages. High rents.
Crowded tenements. Raw sewage, garbage and pollution from the factories. Easy spread of disease.
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Urban Life for the Poor Discrimination against African Americans.
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Settlement Houses and Churches
Offered education and cultural opportunities for both adults and children. Committed to improve living conditions of the poor.
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Changes in public education and colleges
Passage of compulsory education laws New methods of teaching Expanded curriculum More colleges
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Appealing to Readers Printing of sensational news stories “yellow journalism” Illustrations and photographs Comic strips, advice columns, women’s sections and sports sections added to newspapers
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Appealing to Readers Cont.
Expansion in type and number of books published
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Outdoor Activities and Sports
Trips to city parks Bicycling Croquet Baseball Football Soccer
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Popular Theater and Music
Many types of theater from Shakespeare to vaudeville Ragtime music Dances that threw off Victorian restraint
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