1. 7th Grade Social Studies – Harold E. Winkler Middle School
The causes of
World War II
7th Grade Social Studies – Harold E. Winkler Middle School

2. Review of World War I The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany:
Sign the War Guilt Clause
Pay $33 billion in reparations
Give land back to France
Reduce military
Leads to anger for the German people…
And to the rise of Adolf Hitler!

3. World Wide Depression
Economic Depression – sustained/long-term downturn in economic activity.
Some countries turned to radical leaders that made promises of greatness!
These leaders used propaganda to inspire nationalism.
Nationalism – extreme pride in one’s country.

4. The Great Depression

5. Nationalism

6. A Weak League of Nations
The League of Nations was an organization created to prevent future conflicts, but…
did not include the United States.
did not have a military force.

7. Chinese/Japanese Conflict

8. Failure of The League of Nations
1931: Japan quits the League of Nations and invades Manchuria (China)
1935: Italy invades Ethiopia
1936: Germany invades the Rhineland
The League of Nations does nothing…

9. Analyze this political cartoon with your group.

10. Spineless Leaders of Democracy
If you give a dictator an inch, he will take a MILE!

11. Appeasement: The Munich Agreement, 1938
Appeasement – a policy of giving into the demands of an enemy in order to avoid conflict.
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
Now we have “peace in our time!” Herr Hitler is a man we can do business with.

12. Munich Agreement 1938
The Munich Agreement was an agreement permitting Nazi Germany's annexation (take over) of parts of Czechoslovakia along the country's borders mainly inhabited by German speakers. This territory was known as the "Sudetenland”.

13. Munich Agreement 1938

14. How is the Munich Agreement considered an act of appeasement?
Turn and Talk
How is the Munich Agreement considered an act of appeasement?

15. Rise of Dictators Stalin Fascism Germany & Italy Communism
Soviet Union
Totalitarianism
Militarism
Japan
Mussolini & Hitler
Hideki Tojo

16. Rome-Berlin Axis, 1936
The “Pact of Steel”

17. The “Pact of Steel”
Was the agreement with which Germany and Italy publicly entered into an alliance, pledging mutual support in war and war production.

18. Sept. 1, 1939 Invasion of Poland
1939: Germany signs Non-Aggression Pact with Soviet Union (Hitler-Stalin)
They promised not to attack one another (Hitler breaks promise!)
Germany invades Poland … Great Britain & France declare war on Germany!

19. Axis Powers
Italy
Japan
Germany

20. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940
The Tripartite Pact

21. The Tripartite Pact or the “Berlin Pact”
Axis powers are officially formed as Germany, Italy, and Japan become allies.
The Pact provided for mutual assistance should any of these nations suffer attack by any Allied nation not already involved in the war.

22. Allied Powers
Great Britain
France
Soviet Union

23. U. S. Neutrality