1. PRACTICE QUESTIONS—CH.3

2. 1. This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis.
mitochondrion
lysosome
ribosome
Golgi apparatus
Answer: C

3. 2. This organelle is responsible for the removal of waste and toxins via vesicles.
ribosome
lysosome
Golgi apparatus
peroxisome
Answer: C

4. 3. Tiny, hairlike organelles that allow the cell to move are called _________.
microvilli.
centromeres.
cilia.
flagella.
Answer: C

5. 4. Which of the following cell extensions are found on sperm cells?
cilia
mucus
microvilli
flagella
Answer: D

6. 5. This organelle is responsible for cellular respiration and ATP formation.
lysosome
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
Answer: B

7. 6. Which of the following cells would have the most lysosomes?
fat cell
skeletal muscle cell
macrophage
erythrocyte
Answer: C

8. 7. Which type of membrane transport is occurring all the time as water moves down its concentration gradient?
diffusion
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
Answer: B

9. 8. Which type of membrane transport involves a protein that acts as a facilitator?
diffusion
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
Answer: C

10. prophase metaphase anaphase telophase
9. In this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell and the nucleus reappears.
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Answer: D

11. Facilitated diffusion solute pump filtration exocytosis
10. Which of the following types of membrane transport uses vesicles created by the Golgi apparatus to cross the cell membrane?
Facilitated diffusion
solute pump
filtration
exocytosis
Answer: D

12. shrink plump lyse rupture
11. A cell is isotonic to its 4% dextrose solution. When moved to a 6% dextrose solution, that cell will ___________.
shrink
plump
lyse
rupture
Answer: A

13. anticodons Deoxyribose sugars codons Amino acids
12. Sequences of three bases found in messenger RNA (mRNA) are called _____________.
anticodons
Deoxyribose sugars
codons
Amino acids
Answer: C

14. thymine adenine guanine uracil
13. During transcription, which base pairs with adenine of DNA in the newly formed molecule of mRNA?
thymine
adenine
guanine
uracil
Answer: D

15. Head, tails, head, tails Head, head, tails, tails
14. What is the arrangement of the phospholipids as a substance passes through the plasma membrane?
Head, tails, head, tails
Head, head, tails, tails
Head, tails, tails, head
Tails, head, tails, head
Answer: C

16. ***See correct answers underneath each slide in the “Notes” section

17. Potential Essay Questions
List each phase of the cell cycle and briefly summarize what occurs during each phase. Begin with interphase and end with cytokinesis.
2. Explain the process of protein synthesis. Identify what occurs during replication, transcription, and translation. Give an example (starting with one strand of DNA and ending with the corresponding amino acid).

18. Potential Essay Questions
3. Some cancer drugs, such as vincristine, interfere with the creation of mitotic spindle fibers of a cell. Explain how this drug affects mitosis.
4. Stranded on a deserted island, you have two sources of water to drink: salty ocean water and contaminated fresh water. Explain your choice of drinking water and indicate why your selection is the best choice. (reference the type of solution each would be in your answer)

19. Potential Essay Questions
5. A chemotherapeutic drug called Doxorubicin binds to DNA and blocks mRNA synthesis. Explain why the medication would be fatal to a cell.