1. 6/23/ :29 PM
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

2. Availability Strategies for a Resilient Private Cloud
6/23/ :29 PM
Availability Strategies for a Resilient Private Cloud
Elden Christensen
Principal Program Manager Lead
Microsoft
WS-B302
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

3. Sources of Downtime Data Corruption Component Failure
Application Failure
Human Error
Maintenance
Site Outage

4. Agenda
Understanding the various technologies in Windows Server 2012 that can reduce downtime for a private cloud deployment
Planned Downtime
Unplanned Downtime
Disaster Recovery

5. Hyper-V Availability Suite
Planned Downtime
Live Migration
Moves a running VM from one host to another with zero perceived downtime
Storage Migration
Moves a VHD from one storage location to another with zero perceived downtime
Unplanned Downtime
Failover Clustering
Monitors health of servers & VMs, then starts and recovers on the same server or another one in the event of a failure
Disaster Recovery
Hyper-V Replica
Replicates VMs another server in another location when a site is lost
Multi-Site Clusters
Stretching a cluster across sites with hardware or software replication

6. Core OS Resiliency Features
Data
Corruption
Storage Spaces
Software fault tolerance which provides resiliency to disk failures
Chkdsk
Repairs data corruption when it occurs
Vastly improved performance in Windows Server 2012
Component Failure
NIC Teaming
Resiliency to an network card failure
Storage Multi-Path IO (MPIO)
Resiliency to an HBA failure
Application Failure
Guest Clustering
Application health monitoring and mobility
VM Monitoring
Application health monitoring for non-cluster aware applications

7. Planned Downtime

8. Live Migration
Moves a running VM between hosts with no user-perceived downtime
Client is not aware the VM moved to another server
Maintains open TCP connections to the guest OS
Clients stay connected
Enables draining a server with zero downtime for planned maintenance
Note: PING is a poor tool to evaluate a live migration
ICMP works at the IP layer and TCP is what makes a live migration seamless

9. Complete VM Mobility Across the Datacenter
Live Migrate VM and Storage Between Clusters
Live Migrate VM and Storage to Clusters
Live Migrate VM and Storage to Stand-Alone Server
Cluster
Cluster
You can move a VM anywhere in your datacenter with zero downtime!

10. Live Migration - Initiate Migration
Client accessing VM
Live Migrate this VM to another physical machine
VHDX
IT Admin initiates a Live Migration to move a VM from one host to another

11. Live Migration - Memory Setup Copy
Memory content is copied to new server
VM pre-staged
VHDX
The first initial copy is of all in memory content

12. Live Migration - Brownout: Copy Dirty Pages
Client continues accessing VM
Pages are being dirtied
VHDX
Client continues to access VM, which results in memory being modified

13. Live Migration - Brownout: Incremental Copy
Recopy of changes
Smaller set of changes
VHDX
Hyper-V tracks changed data, and re-copies over incremental changes
Subsequent passes get faster as data set is smaller

14. Live Migration - Blackout
Partition State copied
VM Paused
VHDX
Window is very small and within TCP connection timeout

15. Live Migration - Post-Transition: Cleanup
Client directed to new host
Old VM deleted once migration is verified successful
ARP issued to have routing devices update their tables
Since session state is maintained, no reconnections necessary
VHDX

16. Simultaneous Live Migrations
Windows Server 2012 now supports the ability to do multiple live migrations in parallel
Unlimited number of live migrations can be performed in parallel
Default configuration of 2 simultaneous LM’s per host
Wield this power wisely
Excessive number of simultaneous migrations may actually result in overall longer times than serially
Lets discuss on the next slide…

17. Parallel Live Migrations
Disclaimer
Results will vary based on hardware
Parallel Live Migrations
Migrate VM
Network
Minutes
Key Takeaway
Excessively increasing live migration threshold may do more harm than good
Recommended
4 with modern hardware
Number of simultaneous live migrations

18. Dynamic Optimization Feature in SCVMM 2012 Options
Rebalances VMs across hosts
Live migration
Keeps cluster balanced
Avoids VM downtime
Supports heterogeneous clusters
Managed resources
Considers CPU, memory, disk IO, network IO
Optimize when above resource threshold
Considers entire cluster
Options
Manual or automatic
User controlled frequency
Configurable aggressiveness

19. Power Optimization Feature in SCVMM 2012
Rebalance the workload and turn off machines when using Dynamic Optimization
Conserve energy in the data center
Keeps the cluster balanced, and avoids VM downtime or latency through lack of resources
Uses out-of-band power management
User defined schedule

20. Zero Downtime Automated Patching
Initiate Cluster-Aware Updating
Cluster-Aware Updating
Streamlines ‘Patch Tuesday’
Zero downtime patching!
Coordinator updates nodes in the cluster
Coordinates with Windows Update Agent (WUA)
Updates in a rolling fashion, 1 node at a time
Serially steps through all nodes
Coordinator can be made clustered, for Self-Updating mode
Workflow
Scan nodes to identify appropriate updates needed
Identify node with fewest workloads
Nodes drained
Call to WUA to patch (which leverages WSUS or Windows Update)
Verify successful
Repeat Steps 2 – 5 on next node
Repeat on remaining nodes
Admin
Update Coordinator
Windows Update

21. Storage Migration
Move a VHD or VHDX from one host to another with zero downtime
Storage Migration between hosts without shared storage is done over SMB protocol
Storage Migration accelerated by arrays that support Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX)
Enables draining a storage array for planned maintenance

22. Storage Migration – Initiate Migration
Client accessing VM
Storage Migrate this VHDX to another disk
VM stays running servicing clients
VHDX

23. Storage Migration – Create Destination VHDX
New VHDX created on destination storage
New VHDX created on new storage
VHDX
VHDX

24. Storage Migration – Mirror Writes
Reads are from Source VHDX
Writes are done to Source VHDX and also synchronously to the Destination VHDX
Writes mirrored to new Destination VHDX
Reads are from Source VHDX
VHDX
VHDX

25. Storage Migration – Copy Data
Source VHDX data is copied over to Destination VHDX
Only unchanged blocks are copied over
ODX will accelerate file copy
SMB leveraged if storage is not accessible to this server
VHDX data copied from Source to Destination
VHDX
VHDX

26. Storage Migration – Post-Transition Cleanup
Once all data is synchronized VM is switched to new VHDX
Source VHDX is only removed once verified to be running on Destination VHDX
Enables roll-back
Reads and Writes transitioned to new VHDX
VHDX

27. Unplanned Downtime

28. Failover Clustering
Failover Clustering is a distributed system that health monitors servers and takes recovery action
Protects from unplanned downtime:
Hardware
Host OS VM
Guest OS
Apps in VMs
Unplanned downtime results in VM restarted on another server
Session state lost

29. Failover Cluster Health Monitoring
Extensive health monitoring up and down the stack
Node 1
Node 2
Guest OS
Guest OS
VDev
VDev
VMMS
VMMS
RHS
RHS
vmclusres.dll
vmclusres.dll
User
Mode
ClusSvc
ClusSvc
Kernel
Mode
NetFT
NetFT

30. Resiliency Delivered by Host Clustering
Avoids a single point of failure when consolidating
Survive Host Crashes
VMs restarted on another node
Restart VM Crashes
VM OS restarted on same node
Recover VM Hangs
Zero Downtime Maintenance & Patching
Live migrate VMs to other hosts
Mobility & Load Distribution
Live migrate VMs to different servers to load balance

31. Flexible storage choices for building clusters
Shared Storage
Data Replication
Software Replication
Application Replication FC
SAS RBOD
Spaces
RAID HBA
SMB
Hardware Replication
SAS JBOD
3rd party software replication solution
Example: Exchange SQL AlwaysOn
Hyper-V Replica
iSCSI
FCoE

32. Demo: Configuring a highly available VM

33. Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV)
Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV) is a clustered file system in Windows Server 2012
Enables all servers in a Failover Cluster to access a common NTFS volume
Provides a layer of abstraction above NTFS
Provides applications complete abstraction with respect to which nodes actually own a LUN
Applications can failover without requiring drive ownership changes
No dismounting and remounting of volumes
Faster failover times (aka. less downtime)
Increases resiliency and availability

34. CSV I/O Fault Tolerance
6/23/ :29 PM
CSV I/O Fault Tolerance
I/O Redirected via network
VM running on Node 2 is unaffected
Coordination Node
SAN Connectivity Failure
VHDX
VM’s can then be live migrated to another node with zero client downtime

35. Application Availability with Guest Clustering
Guest Clustering is creating a Failover Cluster inside of the virtual machines and failing over applications across VMs
Delivers:
Application Health Monitoring
Application within VM crashes, application automatically restarts or fails over
Application Mobility
Guest OS needs patching or VM needs maintenance, application moved to other node
Cluster

36. Combining Host & Guest Clustering
Best of both worlds for flexibility and protection
VM high-availability & mobility between physical nodes
Application & service high-availability & mobility between VMs
Cluster-on-a-cluster does increase complexity
Mixing physical and virtual nodes is supported
Must pass Validate
Guest Cluster
CLUSTER
CLUSTER
iSCSI or FC
SAN
SAN

37. VM Monitoring
The host identifies & recovers from services failures in the guest
Application level recovery
Service Control Manager (SCM) or event triggered
Guest level HA recovery
Failover Clustering gracefully reboots VM
Host level HA recovery
Failover Clustering fails over VM to another node
Generic health monitoring for any application
Monitor services through Service Control Manager
Generation of specific Event IDs

38. Disaster Recovery

39. Hyper-V Replica Hypervisor level replication
Point-in-time replication of a VM to a remote server
RPO of 5 minutes
SiteA
SiteB
VHDX
VHDX

40. Multi-Site Clustering
Automatic and manual failover for DR
Supports 3rd party hardware and software based replication
Single Cluster
SiteA
SiteB

41. Choosing a Disaster Recovery Solution
Service Level Agreement / Business Requirements
Hyper-V Replica
RPO = 5 minutes
RTO = Manual (longer)
Cost = In-box in Windows Server
Complexity = Low
Multi-Site Clustering
RPO = 0 minutes*
RTO = Automatic (fast)
Cost = High
Complexity = High
*depending on 3rd party replication solution

42. Fault Tolerant Solutions
Fault tolerant solutions can deliver zero downtime for any unplanned hardware failure
Requires special hardware
Gives higher levels of availability for a broader set of unplanned downtime scenarios
Partnership with Stratus
Mission-Critical Hyper-V
Systems in lock step
Windows

43. Summary
Windows Server delivers a breath of features which can increase the resiliency of your Private Cloud
Windows Server 2012 delivers many new availability features
Delivering a resilient cloud includes planning for:
Planned Downtime
Unplanned Downtime
Disaster Recovery

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46. 6/23/ :29 PM
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.
© 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.