1. Abstinence Behavioral 0% failure rate
Cost = free
0% failure rate
Choosing not to engage in sexual intercourse

2. Withdrawal Method Behavioral
Cost = free
Removal of penis from vagina before ejaculation
Failure rate = 19%
Disadvantages
Pre-ejaculate contains sperm
No protection against STD’s.

3. Fertility Awareness Behavioral
Cost = calendar kit $12.00
Tracking of menstrual cycle, basal body temperature and cervical mucous
No sex during ovulation
Failure rate = 25%
Disadvantage:
Menstrual cycles may vary
Not a spontaneous form of contraception

4. Male Condom Barrier, over the counter Failure rate = 14%
Cost – free-$1.00 each
Failure rate = 14%
Rubber/latex sheath placed over the penis to collect pre-ejaculation and semen upon ejaculation.
Condoms provide protection against STD’s.
Disadvantages: Incorrect use; allergies to latex

5. Female Condom Barrier Cost = $ 4.00 each Failure rate = 21%
Fits deep into the vagina, ring holds it in place, blocks sperm from entering cervix.
provides protection against
STD’s.
Disadvantages: difficult to
use; hard to keep in place.

6. Sponge Barrier Failure rate = 20%
Costs $9–$15 for a package of three sponges
Failure rate = 20%
Placed deep into the vagina to block the cervical opening; contains spermicide.
Disadvantage:
hard to insert
No protection against STD’s.

7. Diaphragm & Cervical Cap
Barrier (Prescription)
Costs about $15–$75
Failure rate = 20%
Rubber barrier placed deep into vagina to cover cervix
Disadvantages:
Difficult to insert
moves around during sexual intercourse
No protection against STD’s.

8. Spermicide (Foam/Jelly)
Barrier
Cost = $8.00 each
Failure rate = 26%
Injected into the vagina before sexual intercourse to immobilize sperm and block them from entering the uterus.
Disadvantages:
Messy
Have to use each intercourse act

9. Hormonal Methods of Birth Control (prescription medication)
5 methods to discuss
Oral pill
Vaginal ring
Injection
Adhesive patch
Emergency contraceptive pill
How hormonal methods work:
Prevents ovulation.
Thickens cervical mucous to prevent sperm from passing through to uterus.
Thins uterine wall so implantation does not occur.

10. Disadvantages for Hormonal Methods
No protection from STD’s
Bleeding between menstrual cycle
Nausea and vomiting
More serious side effects may occur if you are older (over age 35), smoke, and have other risk factors.

11. Birth Control Pill Hormonal Failure rate = 5% **if taken perfectly
-$15- $50 per month
Failure rate = 5% **if taken perfectly
Must be taken daily at the same time
3 weeks of hormones
4th week = menstruation
Different types
Some contain estrogen and progestin.
Some are progestin-only pills.

12. Vaginal Ring Hormonal $15- $50 per month Failure rate = 5 %
Small, flexible ring that releases hormones
Ring stays in the vagina for 1 week.
3 weeks total
Removed week 4
menstruation

13. Hormonal Injection Hormonal Failure rate = 1%
Costs $35–$75 per injection,
plus any exam fees
Failure rate = 1%
medication will last for 3 months

14. The Patch Hormonal $15- $50 per month Failure rate = 8%
Releases hormones through the skin
Patch in place for one week (3 weeks total)
Back shoulder, front hip, bicep, abdomen
Week 4 without patch – menstruation.

15. Intra-Uterine Device (IUD)
Barrier/Hormonal
$500 and $1,000, lasts up to 12 years
Hormonal or Copper
Failure rate = 2%
Affects the mobility of the sperm; thickens
cervical mucous; thins the lining of the uterus.
Can be in place for 3-12 years.
Disadvantages:
cramping, bleeding between menstrual cycles, No protection against STD’s.

16. Permanent Birth Control Failure rate = 1 %
Vasectomy
Costs $350 - $1,000
Cutting /tying of the vas deferens
sperm is not part of semen
Tubal ligation
Costs = $1,500 - $6,000
Cutting/tying of the fallopian tubes
Sperm can not reach the egg
Disadvantage for both: Permanent

17. Plan B/Emergency Contraception
Hormonal oral pill
Large doses of progestin and estrogen
Prescription (18 years + it is over the counter)
Cost = $ $70.00
Failure rate = 20%
Must be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sexual intercourse
How it works? (3 ways to decrease fertilization of egg)
Prevents ovulation (if it has not already occurred)
Thicken mucous in cervix to decrease the risk of sperm contacting egg
Thins the wall of the uterus to prevent implantation if an egg has already been fertilized.

18. RESOURCES
Teenshealth.org
Plannedparenthood.org