1. Development of THz Superconducting Mixers & Detectors at Purple Mountain Observatory
Wen Zhang & Sheng-Cai Shi
Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS
Key Lab of Radio Astronomy, CAS

2. CO (J=4-3) detection w/ Nb SIS500
Mm/Submm-Wave Astronomy Developed at PMO
1998
2002
2006
2008
2010
2014
PMODLH-13.7m
C18O/13CO/12CO w/ SIS100
MWISP w/ SSAR
XCold’97 w/ SIS100
POST
CO (J=4-3) detection w/ Nb SIS500
1st Demonstration
w/ NbN SIS500
SMA collaboration with ASIAA
ALMA collaboration with NAOJ

3. SIS Mixers for ALMA/SMA/SMILES/MFST
ALMA & Band8/10 Results
PCTJ& I-V curve
SIS
Resonance Cavity
PMO-ASIAA
Nuclear mini-bar?
SMA
Mt. Fuji Submm Telescope

4. SSAR: 3x3 multibeam SIS receiver for 100GHz
A 100-GHz 3x3 Multibeam Receiver &
MWISP Survey Project
MWISP: Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting by observing 12CO/13CO/C18O
－10° ≤ l ≤＋250 °, －5 °≤ b ≤＋5 °
PMODLH-13.7m
超新星遗迹Kes 75观测成图 (德令哈毫米波12CO/Spitzer中红外/Chandra X-ray)
SSAR: 3x3 multibeam SIS receiver for 100GHz
Lynds 935恒星形成区12CO/13CO/C18O (J=1-0)谱线积分强度图
RF divider
LO divider
SIS mixer RF LO
IF-U
IF-L
Bias-T
100GHz 2SB SIS
银河系新发现的分子旋臂的位置和分布示意图

5. A 0.5THz NbN SIS Mixer Operating at 10K
Nb vs NbN
J. Li, Appl Phys Lett (2008) 92:
J. Li, IEEE Trans Appl Supercond (2009)19: 417.
In collaboration with Z. Wang at NiCT (Japan)
0.5THz SIS with NbN twin junctions
Nb vs NbN
Less stringent requirement for cooling
Easier suppression of Josephson effect
Wider dc bias region of high stability
2m Multi-Bands Telescope onboard China’s Space Station (to be lunched ~2020)
Science cases with 0.41~0.51THz NbN SIS receiver
CI mapping to trace the molecular evolution of carbon
Spectral line survey toward star forming regions
Distribution and dynamics of H2O in stratosphere
Chemical process of the trace gases in stratosphere

6. A 2.7 THz HEB/QCL Integrated Receiver
A 2.734THz QCL by IEF 1.1W)
QCL
Lens
w/o lens
beam:~10x40° & C.E.:~0.7%
w lens:
beam:~2x3 ° & C.E ~8%
HEB
1st demonstration of a fully integrated THz HEB/QCL receiver
W. Miao, et al, Optics Express 23, 4453, 2015

7. Measurement of THz Transmission at Dome A in Antarctic
Nature Astronomy 1, 0001 (2016)
Dome A FTS Instrument

8. Antarctic Observatory of CHINA & DATE5
KDUST
DATE5
Antenna
Cassegrain
Diameter
5m, with rms accuracy <10m
Band
350/200m, plus 450m (1st light)
Receiver
1x4 SIS & 1x4 HEB mixer
IF BW
4GHz x 4 beams x 2 bands
FOV
5′×5′（200m）
Pointing
≤2"

9. Superconducting Mixers for DATE5
FTS response
Nb/AlN/NbN hybrid SIS
higher gap voltage
lower dark current
Mixer cavity w/ feed horn
E-field distribution
PCTJ (twin SIS)
0.85THz/350m m SIS Mixer
0.8~1.5THz
Calibrated FTS response
1.4THz /200m m HEB Mixer
In collaboration with IREE (Russia) & LERMA (France)

10. TES & MKIDs Detectors for DATE5
8x8 Ti 345GHz, with NEP reaching 10-17W/Hz0.5
32x32 array at 350mm
32x32 Al/TiN 850GHz,
under testing

11. PMO-SRON MOU Signed in 2006 Dr. Wolfgang Wild visited PMO in 2006
PMO-SRON MOU concerning collaboration on THz astronomy and technology

12. Collaboration between PMO & SRON/TUDelft
3.5THz 3rd DFB QCL (by MIT)
SRON/TUDelft
PMO
MIT …
THz HEB by SRON
Tuning of QCL
Combined THz QCL & HEB with a Gas Cell for the detection of 3.5THz methanol line
Y. Ren, et al., App. Phys. Lett., 97, (2010)
Y. Ren, et al., App. Phys. Lett, 98, (2011)
Y. Ren, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, (2012)
Y.Ren, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. , (2012)
Measured 3.5THz methanol line

13. Collaboration between PMO & SRON/TUDelft
CAS Vice-President, Wen-Long Zhan, meeting Prof. Thijs de Graauw (then ALMA director) during IAU General Assembly in Beijing, CHINA
A delegation of six people (one of them is Dr. R. Stark) from NWO Physical Sciences and Chemistry paid a visit to PMO, Nanjing, China in the week of January 2010.

14. Proposed Collaboration
THz high sensitive superconducting HEB mixers with lager IF bandwidth
Using new superconducting film such as MgB2
Large-scale THz multibeam receivers
Using new integration technology