1. Globalization and Resistance37
Globalization and Resistance

2. Figure Indian university students in New Delhi protest India's hosting of the Indian Miss World contest by burning contestants in effigy. Like these students, some Indian conservatives see beauty pageants as decadent imports from the West that are destructive of their culture's traditional values.
Figure Indian university students in New Delhi protest India's hosting of the Indian Miss World contest by burning contestants in effigy. Like these students, some Indian conservatives see beauty pageants as decadent imports from the West that are destructive of their culture's traditional values.

3. Chapter Overview Global Industrialization
Globalization: Causes and Processes
The Global Environment
Resistance and Alternatives
Toward the Future

4. Global Industrialization
Mexico, Turkey, Brazil
China and India
China
Industrial growth
Pollution
Cheap labor and pressure on peasants
India
Steadier growth
High-technology products, software
Use of English

5. Global Industrialization
Older Industrial Centers
The West and Japan
Still led in export and service
Industrial designs despite fabrication elsewhere
Growth lag
Global financial recession in 2008

6. Globalization: Causes and Processes
What Globalization Means
Causes
Opening of China, Soviet Union
Technology
Communication
English as a world language

7. Globalization: Causes and Processes
The New Technology
Cellular phones
Computers
Internet
World Wide Web
Tim Berners, 1990
Satellite linkages

8. Map Multinational Corporations in 2000 By the end of the 20th century, multinational companies had become a major force for economic change and political controversy over much of the world. As this map illustrates, these engines of globalization were especially prominent in mature industrial and more affluent societies, and much less in evidence in formerly colonized or communist countries.
Map Multinational Corporations in 2000 By the end of the 20th century, multinational companies had become a major force for economic change and political controversy over much of the world. As this map illustrates, these engines of globalization were especially prominent in mature industrial and more affluent societies, and much less in evidence in formerly colonized or communist countries.

9. Globalization: Causes and Processes
Economic Globalization: Business Organization and Investment
Multinational corporations
Seeking cheap raw materials
Outsourcing

10. Figure 37. 2 Change and continuity in rural India
Figure Change and continuity in rural India. New irrigation and electrification combine with traditional methods of tilling the soil as agricultural production rises.
Figure Change and continuity in rural India. New irrigation and electrification combine with traditional methods of tilling the soil as agricultural production rises.

11. Globalization: Causes and Processes
Migration
Continuity
Spurs fear of job competition

12. Globalization: Causes and Processes
Cultural Globalization
McDonald's
Obesity
Holidays
Dress
Music

13. Figure The mixtures of peoples and cultures that had become a prominent feature of world history by the end of the 20th century are wonderfully illustrated by this group of Muslim schoolchildren in a French school. By 2007, more than 10 percent of the French population was Islamic. In 2006, riots broke out in Islamic areas of French cities revealing tensions over the gap between opportunities available to immigrants and those available to the majority population.
Figure The mixtures of peoples and cultures that had become a prominent feature of world history by the end of the 20th century are wonderfully illustrated by this group of Muslim schoolchildren in a French school. By 2007, more than 10 percent of the French population was Islamic. In 2006, riots broke out in Islamic areas of French cities revealing tensions over the gap between opportunities available to immigrants and those available to the majority population.

14. Globalization: Causes and Processes
Institutions of Globalization
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

15. Figure This composite satellite image shows the regional impact of the human population on the planet. Regions where light burns brightest include much of Europe, Japan, and the United States—regions with a considerable amount of industry. Regions with excessive pollution because of petroleum extraction are also visible, particularly in the Middle East and areas of Russia, as are regions plagued by wild fires (Australia) and those that engage in slash-and-burn agriculture, particularly areas of the African and South American continents.
Figure This composite satellite image shows the regional impact of the human population on the planet. Regions where light burns brightest include much of Europe, Japan, and the United States—regions with a considerable amount of industry. Regions with excessive pollution because of petroleum extraction are also visible, particularly in the Middle East and areas of Russia, as are regions plagued by wild fires (Australia) and those that engage in slash-and-burn agriculture, particularly areas of the African and South American continents.

16. The Global Environment
Environmental Issues as Global Concerns
Greenhouse effect
Disease
AIDS
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), 2003

17. Figure In April 1986, nuclear chain reactions in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union) leapt out of control, creating a fireball that blew the steel and concrete lid off of the reactor. Radioactive material was spewed into the open air and drifted across Europe. The area surrounding the plant, which is now closed, remains a contaminated wasteland. The Chernobyl catastrophe was unique, but it added to the larger environmental damage in many parts of the former Soviet Union.
Figure In April 1986, nuclear chain reactions in the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union) leapt out of control, creating a fireball that blew the steel and concrete lid off of the reactor. Radioactive material was spewed into the open air and drifted across Europe. The area surrounding the plant, which is now closed, remains a contaminated wasteland. The Chernobyl catastrophe was unique, but it added to the larger environmental damage in many parts of the former Soviet Union.

18. Resistance and Alternatives
Protest and Economic Uncertainties
World Trade Organization
World Bank
Nationalism and New Religious Currents
Religious revival
Russian Orthodoxy
Fundamentalism

19. Figure The increasing gap between rich and poor is a controversial problem in the age of globalization. Here, contemporary workers and shoppers pass a homeless person on a Hong Kong sidewalk.
Figure The increasing gap between rich and poor is a controversial problem in the age of globalization. Here, contemporary workers and shoppers pass a homeless person on a Hong Kong sidewalk.

20. How Much Historical Change?
Two analyses looking toward the future
"End of history" concept
Democratic form of government
Works best worldwide
Ordinary people will not vote for war of aggression
Spread of consumer capitalism
Triumph of capitalism?
Not necessarily compatible with democracy
Shared interests

21. Visualizing the Past Two Faces of Globalization

22. Toward the Future Projecting from Trends Slow of population growth
How to react to populations of older adults
Fragile trends
Consumerism vs. religious interest

23. Toward the Future Big Changes The Problem of the Contemporary Period
"Population bomb"
Postindustrial society
Shift from production to entertainment
The Problem of the Contemporary Period
New dominant country, or no dominance?
Rights and roles of women