1. Poetry: Tone & Form
ENC 1102
Alling

2. All slides contain info. from Roberts & Zweig’s
Literature: An Introduction to Reading & Writing
“Tone: The creation of attitude in poetry” & “Form: The Shape of Poems”

3. Diction— denotation & connotation
How does a poet create tone?
Diction— denotation & connotation

4. Participants & situations
How does a poet create tone?
Participants & situations

5. How does a poet create tone?
Seriousness or humor

6. Irony (making a point by emphasizing a discrepancy or opposite)
How does a poet create tone?
Irony (making a point by emphasizing a discrepancy or opposite)

7. How does a poet create tone?
Metaphors & similes

8. Understatement, overstatement (hyperbole), & other figures of speech
How does a poet create tone?
Understatement, overstatement (hyperbole), & other figures of speech

9. Speaker—self-awareness, background, relationship to listeners/readers
How does a poet create tone?
Speaker—self-awareness, background, relationship to listeners/readers

10. Form—Length, repetition, stanza choices, etc.
How does a poet create tone?
Form—Length, repetition, stanza choices, etc.

11. Level of formality—graceful words, slang, rhymes, etc.
How does a poet create tone?
Level of formality—graceful words, slang, rhymes, etc.

12. By using all devices to create a Consistent intention
How does a poet create tone?
By using all devices to create a Consistent intention

13. If poet controls his/her tone:
may gain reader’s agreement, at least for a time; may stimulate, enrich, & inspire readers

14. shape, structure, pattern, or lack thereof
What is poetic form?
shape, structure, pattern, or lack thereof

15. Closed-form open-form
Two major forms of poetry
Closed-form open-form

16. What is closed-form poetry?
clearly-recognizable shape, structures, or patterns; uses traditional conventions & restrictions

17. Sonnet lyric ode elegy ballad hymnal haiku villanelle triolet
Some types of closed-form poems
Sonnet lyric ode elegy ballad hymnal haiku villanelle triolet

18. Free from restrictions of closed form, such as meter or rhyme
What is open-form poetry?
Free from restrictions of closed form, such as meter or rhyme

19. What is open-form poetry?
embraces spoken rhythms; topic itself shapes # of lines, line lengths, physical appearance on page (e.g. varying line lengths w/ importance of ideas, creating pauses, relying on progression of images, etc.)

20. Some types of open-form poems
Free verse (new, original ways to arrange words & lines) Visual poetry prose poems

21. You read & analyze Example poems
Recognizing Tone & Form
You read & analyze Example poems