1. CS1550 Fundamentals For Computer Graphics Transformations-1
Sumanth Shankar
California State University, Los Angeles

2. Scaling Scaling is achieved my multiplying coordinates as follows
x’ = 2x
y’ = 1.5y

3. Reflection
To make a reflection of a shape relative to the y-axis, we simply reverse the sign of the x-coordinate, leaving the y-coordinate unchanged.
x’ = -x
y’ = y

4. Reflection
To make a reflection of a shape relative to the x-axis, we simply reverse the sign of the y-coordinate, leaving the x-coordinate unchanged.
x’ = x
y’ = -y

5. Matrices
𝑥′ 𝑦′ = 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑑 . 𝑥 𝑦 x’ = ax + by y’ = cx + dy

6. Matrices The determinant of 2 X 2 matrix is a scalar quantity. 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑑
ad - bc