4 Windows 2000 Professional Chapter Windows 2000 Professional Overview

4 Windows 2000 Professional Chapter Windows 2000 Professional Overview
Installing and Configuring Windows 2000 Professional Customizing and Managing Windows 2000 Professional Troubleshooting Common Windows 2000 Professional Problems

Learning Objectives Describe Windows 2000 Professional benefits, features, and weaknesses Install and configure Windows 2000 Professional Customize and manage Windows 2000 Professional Perform proactive maintenance tasks Troubleshoot common Windows 2000 Professional problems

Windows 2000 Professional Overview
Different Versions Windows 2000 Professional Windows 2000 Server Windows 2000 Advanced Server Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

Benefits and Features Desktop Security Stability Hardware Compatibility Software compatibility File systems

Benefits and Features Desktop Subtle changes from previous Windows Quick Launch toolbar on taskbar Show Desktop button Familiar desktop icons (My Documents, etc.)

Benefits and Features Security Better security compared to Windows 9x Login essential using a security account Access to local resources can be restricted

Benefits and Features (continued) Security Group policies Grouping of policies for controlling security and configuration settings Used to centrally manage security

Benefits and Features (continued) Security (continued) More Secure Authentication Validation of a user account and its password Uses Kerberos protocol for log on to an Active Directory domain

Benefits and Features (continued) Security (continued) Active Directory domain Some or all of the network servers maintaining a replica of the directory service database are running Windows 2000 Server or newer OS

Benefits and Features (continued) Security (continued) File encryption A new feature of NTFS Folders and files are encrypted to secure data Data can be accessed by the user who encrypted it, or by a recovery agent

Benefits and Features (continued) Stability 32-bit architecture inherited from NT Each application runs in its own protected memory space

Benefits and Features (continued) Hardware Compatibility A long list of compatible hardware Support for plug-and-play

Benefits and Features (continued) Software Compatibility 16-Bit and 32-Bit DOS and Windows Apps Run in Win32 subsystem Non-Windows Apps Run in special subsystems

Benefits and Features (continued) Windows 2000 File Systems CDFS, UDF, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS5 NTFS5 new features include encryption and indexing

Benefits and Features (continued) Disk Storage Improvements Basic Disks—same as previous OSs (new name)

Benefits and Features (continued) Disk Storage Improvements (continued) Dynamic Disks—new way to allocate space No limit to number of volumes Volume can include available space on any hard disk Configuration information is on disk

Benefits and Features (continued) Disk Storage Improvements (continued) Dynamic Disk Volume Types Simple – Windows 2000 Professional and Server Striped – Windows 2000 Professional and Server Spanned – Windows 2000 Professional and Server

Benefits and Features (continued) Disk Storage Improvements (continued) Dynamic Disks Volume Types (continued) Mirrored – Windows 2000 Server products only Raid-5 – Windows 2000 Server products only

Benefits and Features (continued) Disk Storage Improvements (continued) Drive Paths and Mounted Volumes If you do not have floppy drives, you may assign the letters A and B to hard disk volumes Drive paths and mounted volumes allow you to avoid drive letters (on both basic and dynamic disks)

Weaknesses of Windows 2000 Professional Support for Old DOS and Windows Apps Some applications just won't run Some applications will run more slowly

Weaknesses of Windows 2000 Professional Need to Reboot After Modifying the OS Fewer types of events require reboot No longer required for TCP/IP reconfigure Plenty still exist Including after adding a service pack

When Is Windows 2000 Pro Needed? Some programs require an NT family OS When reliability is required When more security is required When control of local resources is required For desktop members of an Active Directory domain

Installing and Configuring Windows 2000 Professional
Hardware and Software Minimum hardware requirements 133 MHz Pentium or higher 64 MB of RAM 2 GB hard disk with 650 MB of free space VGA or higher video adapter and monitor Keyboard, mouse, and a CD-ROM drive

Hardware and Software (continued) Ideal hardware requirements Intel Pentium 4 processor (or newer) 256 MB of RAM 30 GB of free hard disk space Fast CD-ROM drive and DVD drive SVGA or higher resolution video adapter Microsoft mouse

Hardware and Software (continued) Check H/W and S/W Compatibility HCL.txt file in the Support folder of the CD For more current products Manufacturer sites Readiness Analyzer to check out compatibility

Hardware and Software (continued) Installation program performs compatibility test before beginning Use Readiness Analyzer compatibility test Winnt32 /checkupgradeonly

Step-by-Step 4.01 Run the Hardware and Software Compatibility Test Page 160

Pick a File System If dual-booting, boot drive must be compatible with both OSs Any drive needed by Windows 9x must use FAT Any logical drive needed by older OS must be in first primary or extended partition

Determine Service Packs and Updates Apply immediately after installation Use Windows Update to connect to windowsupdate.microsoft.com At school or work ask IT staff first

Determine the Method of Installation Manual Installation One computer or a small number Requires user’s attention and input Location of source files: local or network A clean installation begins by booting from the CD or from the setup disks

Determine the Method of Installation (cont.) Manual installation (continued) If necessary create setup boot disks Create by using the Makeboot or Makebt32 program

Determine the Method of Installation (cont.) Automated installation Uses scripts or images Scripts the WINNT or WINN32 programs An image is a copy of the entire hard disk containing the operating system and all other applications

Gather the Materials Needed for Installation Materials depend on decisions CD or locations of source files

Step-by-Step 4.02 Installing Windows 2000 Professional Page 164

Verify Network Access If computer is on a network, verify that it can communicate with other computers Simple test: Open My Network Places

Verify Updates and Service Packs Do not browse to other Web sites Only connect to Windows Update site

Step-by-Step 4.03 Installing Updates and Service Packs Page 169

Further Secure Windows 2000 Professional Install an antivirus program and other software to protect the computer Learn more about threats and remedies in Chapter 7

Customizing and Managing Windows 2000 Professional
Creating a New Hard Disk Partition Windows 2000 Partitioning Basics Identical for a basic disk type as they were for partitions in Windows NT

Creating a New Hard Disk Partition (cont.) Windows 2000 Disk Management In the Computer Management console Each physical disk is numbered from 0 Each optical drive is numbered from 0 Each partition or unallocated space is labeled in boxes with color-coded bars at top

Step-by-Step 4.04 Creating a New Partition Page 173

Using the Control Panel Applets Applets for making configuration changes Several are new or changed Accessibility Options

Customizing Display Settings Similar to past versions of Windows Use the Display applet to Change background Add a screen saver Customize the desktop

Customizing Display Settings (continued) Display | Settings Advanced Button Opens an additional dialog box Monitor tab include refresh rate setting

Creating and Managing a Local Printer Only an administrator can create a printer Creating a printer = installing a device driver Required for local or network printer Print driver on local printer prepared the job with correct commands for printer

Step-by-Step 4.05 Adding a Printer in Windows 2000 Page 180

Configuring the Start Menu General Tab of Taskbar and Start Menu Properties Controls the display of the taskbar Controls the Start Menu Taskbar can be always visible or hidden

Configuring the Start Menu (continued) Advanced Tab of Taskbar and Start Menu Properties Add or remove Start Menu items Configure settings Start Menu settings at bottom of tab Expand will create a menu from folder contents

Installing and Removing Applications Installing Applications Distributed on CDs – install may run automatically Install others using Add/Remove Programs

Installing and Removing Applications (cont.) Removing Applications May use application’s uninstall program Or use Add/Remove Programs

Troubleshooting Common Windows 2000 Professional Problems
An Approach to Troubleshooting Observe and record Find a cause Research solution Apply solution Test the results

Where to Find Help Windows 2000 Professional Help program TechNet site: Microsoft site: Use an Internet search engine

Proactive Maintenance Tasks Creating Backups Back up data files Do it often and do it right Start | Programs | Accessories | System Tools | Backup

Proactive Maintenance Tasks (continued) Prepare for an Emergency Repair Advanced task/extreme solution Emergency Repair utility will backup repair info ERD creation is an option in Windows Backup

Proactive Maintenance Tasks (continued) Periodic Housekeeping Keep computer “lean and mean” Too many programs = undesirable changes Remove unnecessary applications Use Disk Cleanup Defrag

Common Problems and Solutions Unable to access computer on network Check that other PC is turned on, connected, and has shared folder or printer Restart other PC Check user access rights to network computer

Common Problems and Solutions (cont.) Unable to Print Printer on? Connected? Paper out? Offline? Send test page Check permissions for network printer Print from another application Power printer and/or printer server off and on

Common Problems and Solutions (cont.) Unable to Locate a File Start | Search | For Files and Folders Search for Files or Folders Named Containing Text Look In Date and other options

Common Problems and Solutions (cont.) Cannot Connect to the Internet Modem (or other device) on? Connected? Router functioning? User name and password correct? Reset cable or DSL modem

Common Problems and Solutions (cont.) Cannot Install a Hardware Device Driver Is device on the HCL? Look for and install driver from manufacturer

Common Problems and Solutions (cont.) Cannot Play Multimedia Files Are speakers connected and powered up? Check the Windows 2000 Pro volume control If upgraded from Windows 9x, check drivers

Chapter Summary Windows 2000 Professional Overview
Windows 2000 Professional provides benefits through enhanced features in the areas of desktop, security, stability, compatibility, and file systems. Windows 2000 Professional weaknesses are in support for old DOS and Windows applications and in the fact that reboots are still required after some changes to the OS, although reboots are required for fewer reasons than in previous OSs.

The file systems Windows 2000 supports are FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS5, although we usually refer to any of the FAT file systems as FAT, and the versions of NTFS as simply NTFS, unless making explicit statements or comparisons.

Windows 2000 Professional is preferred over Windows 9x when stability, reliability, and security are required, when a software publisher lists this OS as a requirement for installing an application, and when remote administration of a computer is required.

Chapter Summary Installing and Configuring Windows 2000 Professional
Before installing Windows 2000, be sure that the hardware you plan to use will be adequate for the work you hope to accomplish on that computer. Determine hardware and software compatibility. Read the manual, check out or contact the manufacturer. Run the Readiness Analyzer.

Install Windows as an upgrade on a computer with an earlier version of Windows, or install a clean installation, beginning with an empty hard drive. Whether you are performing an upgrade or a clean installation, you can choose to do it manually, which requires your attention and interaction, or automatically, which requires the least amount of hand-holding. The automatic methods involve more work, technical under-standing, and even financial investment.

The four setup boot disks are required to install from the local CD-ROM drive when the computer will not boot from the CD. Use the Makeboot program to generate these disks.

Install service packs and updates immediately after installing an OS, and then periodically check for updates. Windows Update on Startup, makes this process easy, if there is an Internet connection. Check network connectivity after installing Windows 2000 on a computer connected to a network.

Chapter Summary Customizing and Managing Windows 2000 Professional
If unpartitioned disk space is available, use the Disk Management console to create a new partition and format a logical drive. After installing Windows 2000, you will need to customize and manage Windows The Control Panel applets are your main tools for doing this

Make a computer use easier for some- one with restricted vision, hearing loss, or mobility difficulties. Use the Accessibility Options applet, and accessibility utilities at Start | Programs | Accessories | Accessibility.

The Display applet lets you modify the desktop background, enable or disable a screen saver, and further customize the desktop. The Settings tab allows you to configure certain video adapter and monitor settings.

Add a printer using the Add Printer wizard. You can further manage a printer in the properties for an installed printer. This includes assigning permissions to control access to the printer.

Use Taskbar And Start Menu Properties dialog box to control the display of the taskbar and Start menu. The new Personalized Menus option is enabled by default. Disable it from the Advanced tab.

Install new applications and remove unwanted programs using either a custom installation program that comes with most programs, or the Add/Remove Programs applet.

Chapter Summary Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Professional
When a problem occurs, observe and record all symptoms and error messages; then research the cause and solution using Windows 2000 Help, the Internet, or other sources. Once you have found a solution, apply it and test the results.

Proactive maintenance tasks include backing up data, disk defragmenting, periodic housekeeping of the files and folders, and installing and configuring an antivirus program. Be prepared for an emergency repair by creating a repair diskette using the Emergency Repair Diskette option from the Windows Backup Program.

When unable to access another computer on a network, troubleshoot both computers looking for connectivity, sharing, or permissions problems.

If you are unable to print, begin by verifying that the printer is turned on, has paper, and is in online mode. Print a test page from the properties dialog box for the printer. If it is a network printer, verify that you have permission to print. Try printing from another application. Finally, simply power off and power on the printer.

If you are unable to locate a file use the Windows 2000 Search option, which allows you to search on many parameters including filename, date, text content, size, and type. Additionally, the search option can be optimized for faster searches if the Indexing Service is turned on.

4 Windows 2000 Professional Chapter Windows 2000 Professional Overview

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